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ALEXANDRIA'S CHURCHES — Our illuitration of some ol the Churches i.'l Alcx,in in.i proves that our people belie-.^ 
churches. In addition to Christ Episcopal Church, to which we t:ive extra rpace on account of its historic connection, ouf 
xinninK at the top. riRht to left on illustration The Hehrew Svnaconue. Methodist Episcopal. St. Maiy's Catholic. First B.ipt 
bylerian Church, which Washington assisted in bull' tended at time;; Methodist Protestant Church. Second P 

these there are St. Paul's P. E. and jrace Protestan The Lutheran Church and Free Methodist, with auite a 






XC_^ X H 



FR 



A D E R 



IN PRESENTING this book to the general public, the author desires to 
say that, havinn" the eadorsenient of the Mayor, City Council, and Cham- 
ber of Commerce of the grand old city of Alexandria, althoutrh the booU 
is necessarily compiled hurriedly, not to say crudely, he hopes that the 
historical section of the book will prove g'ratifyiiig'and satisfactorj'; and 
he believes that the industrial section will astonish not onlj- the outside 
\vorld but our own people. 

In his Sesqui-Centennial sketch of Alexandria, published in 1899, the writer 
made use of the followinjf langunge : 

" This book is written as a reminder of what a united community can accom- 
plish, in the hope that, by keeping alive the remembrance of the memorial October 
12, 1899, the day may prove but the forecast of coming: events which will build up 
our community and add to the prosperity and happiness of a people whose works 
prove them worthy of both." 

"* Alexandria has in store a brijfht future if her people will but seize the tide 
in its flood and present to the world their faith in this city by workingr to build 
up the manufacturings and commercial interests to which its location and natural 
advantages justily entitle it." 

In view of the great stride made by our city since the Sesqui-Centennial the 
truth of the above extract is abundantly proved. It seems to the writer that 



Alexandria is only beginning to take its proper position and that its future will 
be marked by progress in every stage. The photographs used herein are princi- 
pally made by Mr. A. L. Jameson and Frank A. Wedderburn, of Alexandria. 
The photolithographs are the work of Maurice Joyce Engraving Company, and 
the printing by the Sudwarth Printing Company. 510 Twelfth Street, Washing- 
ton, D. C. to whom the writer desires to extend his thanks for careful and excel- 
lent work. 

To the Mayor and City Council, The Chamber of Commerce, and those enter- 
prising citizens of Alexandria, who, by their liberal support, have made it possi- 
ble for this book to be issued. I desire to extend my thanks and assure them of my 
appreciation. To Mr. Preston, Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, I desire 
to express special thanks for valuable assistance in the preparation of Com- 
mercial Statistics furnished by him. 

Turning from the past and the present to the future, I respectfully dedicate 
this book to "A Greater Alexandria," a city worthy in every respect of its past 
history and the immortal man with whom that history is so closely linked. 

Respectfully, 

Alex J. Wedderburn. 




"POTOMAC YARDS," Alexandria, Va. Largest Classification Yards in the United States. Property cf the Washington, 
Southern and Allied Railroads. Costing, when complete, over $2,000,000. Contains 45 miles of Tracks and 2 miles of river 
frontage. Ht^^^c;'" *^"o "?"r M — ^*^lr Pi-- "oil, $60,000. Capacity of Yard, 35,000 cars. Number of Cars handled month- 
ly» 'o^.oo^j. Capaci : - t, -;vh .jle freight, 50 cars one time, but can be duplicated at least 6 times daily. 




City Hall, Market, and Masonic T-mple (Washington Lodge); Historic Bradc'ock House in distance. Left- 
Original Market House, destroyed by fire '871, and rebuilt 1873. Right— Rear view of Market space and 
• '1 'Viriwing Old Museum ir --^nd story. 



/r/A: 



Belle Haven, 




"fJOMM 



CAPT. JOHN SMITH, in 1608, ascended the 
Potomac seeking adventure and fortune and 
passed Alexandria's present location, to be 
=;topped by the falls of the Potomac. The site 
I of Alexand'-ia was then part of the Doag Indians' 
hunting grounds. 

On October 21st, 1669, Capt. Robert Howsen, for 
bringing 120 Colonists to Virginia, was granted a 
Crown patent by Governor Berkeley, for 6,600 
acres of land, extending along the Potomac east 
from Indian Cabin Creek (Hunting Creek) to a point opposite 
My Lord's Island, now Analostan, lying between Washington 
antl Rosslyn. This grant comprised a large part of tlie present 

county of Alexandria. At that 
time it was *Prince William 
county and later Fairfax, 
from which county Alexan- 
dria was taken as the two 
and a half stiuare miles ceded 
by Virginia to the General 
Government for the District 
of Columbia and retroceded 
liy llie Government iryfi^47. 

Captain Howsen solcl this 
land to John Alexander for 
6,600 pounds of tobacco and 
some money, who, in 1677 
sent some settlers to occupy it. 
In 1696 Simon Pierson, 
who was connected by mar- 
riage with the Alexanders, 
located on Pierson's Island 
(now Daingerfield's), north- 
west of the present city, the 
first known permanent set- 
tlement north of Hunting 
Creek. 

A settlement was made on 

Ramsav house, corner King and Fairfa.v. Jones Point not long after 

oldest liouse in Alexandria. this date, but the name of 




the persons so locating is not known. 

In 1730 a public tobacco warehouse 
was established by the colonial 
authorities on Simon Pierson's land 
about where the gas works now 
stand. Around this warehouse some 
settlements were made and thus 
arose the hamlet of Belhaven, which 
had one street^Oronoco — named af- 
ter the tobacco brought there. 

Tradition says tliat the village took 
its name from a neighboring tobacco 
planter. It is far more likely that the 
name was given to the town because 
of its "fair haven." The cove lying 
between the two points that extended 
into the river from Oronoco and 
Duke streets (since filled in and built 
on) must have made a beautiful har- 
bor for the small ships of that early 
period and hence I am inclined to be- 
lieve that the term "Belle Haven" 
arose from this, rather than from the 
name of any individual. 

In 1739 a school was established. 
Thus early did the people of this lo- 
cality show their appreciation of edu- 
cation and the town ever since has 
been one of the foremost in educa- 
tional work. 

This is about all the facts that can be gathered regarding the 
town of Belliaven up to 1748, when, by act of the Colonial As- 
sembly, the formation of Alexandria was authorized. 

THE HOWSEN PATENT. 

The following was prepared from the records and kindly 
furnished me by Mrs. Mary Francis Swann Williams, a great- 
great-granddaughter of John Alexander, the gentleman who do- 
nated City Hall square and Christ Church lot. 




I^.\'son tV Uro. 



"•Tairfax was cut off from Piince William 1743. 




Friendship Fire Company photographed in front of Christ Church as they were leaving the c ty for ''.ew York to 
participate in the Centennial of Washington's first inaugural. 



John Alexander, the first in this country, settled in the north- 
ern neck of Virginia (Stafford county) about the year 1640, 
He acquired an immense tract of land in Stafford, some of wliicli 
is still in the possession of Iiis direct heirs, having descended 
from generation to generation for two hundred and sixty years. 
He resided in StafTord. The head of the family at the close of 
the Revolution was designated "Alexander 
of Boyd's Hole and all Chotank." In 1669 
John Alexander, son of the emigrant John, 
bought the Howsen patent from Robert 
Howsen. This patent was granted to the 
patentee Howsen by Governor Sir William 
Berkeley in 1669. It embraced all the land 
from Hunting creek on the south to the 
Potomac on the north, containing some 
6,600 acres. 

John Alexander died in 1691, leaving in 
liis will the Howsen patent to his two sons, 
Robert and Philip. The younger son, 
Philip, made over his share of the patent to 
his brother in exchange for lands else- 
where. Thus the Howsen patent was vest- 
ed solely in Robert, who died in 1704 leav- 
ing two sons, Robert and Charles. The 
latter died witliout issue. 

Robert died in 1735, leaving, by will, the 
Howsen patent "divided equally" between 
his two sons, John and Gerard. 

The share of Gerard extended from the 
Potomac river to Four-Mile Run, includ- 
ing Arlington, wdiich he sold to John Park 
Custis in 1745. He lived at Abingdon in the 
county, and died in 1758. John, the elder 
brother, died, leaving his half of tlie Howsen 
patent to his eldest son, Charles, who after- 
ward resided upon it at Preston (on the Po- 
tomac, near Alexandria), still in possession 
of his great grand-children, the Swann 
family. The court records and plat attached 
thereto show the share of Cliarles to have ex- 
tended from Four-Mile Run to Hunting creek. 

These records are particularly clear and well proven, because 
filed in a suit. (Sec "Washington's Reports of Virginia," case 
of "Birch versus Alexander.") 

Lord Fairfax granted to a man named Robinson (whose 





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Carlysle House, rear view 



daughter married Birch) a patent, conveying a large portion of 
the Howsen patent, especially that portion including Alexandria. 
Suit was brought to wrest these lands from the Alexanders, un- 
der various pretexts, the strongest plea being the grant from the 
crown, to Lord Fairfax, of the northern neck of Virginia. 

The Alexanders defended this suit for years. It was carried 
to the Court of Appeals and finally settled 
in 1790. The court decided that sixty years 
possession before Lord Fairfax obtained 
his grant would in itself give them owner 
ship. Thus, after a long and warm contest, 
the Alexanders maintained their right to 
the Howsen patent, which, by the time the 
case was closed judicially, they had held 
in continuous line of inheritance for 121 
years. The receipt given by one of the 
lawyers in the final settlement of the case 
is a curious bit of financial literature. It 
is as follows: 

"Rec'd of Charles Alexander two Guin- 
eas weighing two pounds, sixteen shillings 
& Ten pence, 13 round dollars, one French 
crown & a piece of Gold weighing four 
pounds, ten shillings & four pence, in part 
of twenty-four pounds, as my fee for plead- 
ing his special verdicts v. Bryan Keedy, 
Bircli & others. Rec'd on and prior to 
October 19, 1790." 

The deed for the church lot was execu- 
ted October 10, 1774. It states that "John 
Alexander, gent, of Stafford, has sold to 
Charles Broadwater & Henry Gunnel 
church wardens of the parish of Fairfax, a 
lot of ground in the town of Alexandria, 
whereon the new church stands, built by 
James Parsons, containing one acre, (and 
some rods), for the sum of one penny." 

The deed gives the metes and bounds of 
the lot. 

Many of the original lots in Alexandria 1 
are still held by the Alexander descendants, 
the Washingtons, Swanns, and sons of the late Major Hampton 
C. Williams, having reverted to them by inheritance, without 
changing hands since Robert Howsen sold his patent to John 
Alexander in 1669. 




The Braddock House, site of "Colonial" and Continental Banks, and enclosing Carlysle House. 



Alexandria Chronologically, 




N 1748 the General Assembly of the Colony of 
Virginia, by act, constituted and appointed 
Thomas, Lord Fairfax, William Fairfax, George 
Fairfax, Richard Osborne, Lawrence Washing- 
ton, William Ramsey, John Carlysle, John 
Pagan, Gerard Alexander, Hugh West and Philip 
Alexander, directors and trustees for designing, 
building, carrying on, and maintaining the town 
of Alexandria "to expand or supercede Belhaven." 
The loyalty of the citizens was shown by the 
name of the streets — Fairfax and Cameron, 
named after Lord Fairfax, Baron of Cameron; Royal, King, 
Prince, Duke, Queen, Princess and Oronoco — being the entire 
extent of the original streets. Water street (now Lee) then 
fronted the river, l)iit the city has not only since tlicn encroached 
upon the surrounding country, but upon the Potomac itself, and- 
we have two additional streets — Union and the Strand — re- 
claimed from the river. 

1749. June 13, the first sale of town lots made in Alexandria. 
The town had been surveyed the previous year and General 
Washington, tlien a youth of seventeen, participated in the sur- 
vey. The town organized witli Jolin West as clerk. It liad nine 
streets, two public landings, one at the present lish-town wharf 
(see illustration), and the other at the foot of Duke street, where 
the Bryant Fertilizing Works are now located (see illustration). 
1745. John Carlysle built the famous Carlysle house, (see de- 
scription later on). 

1752. Fairs and markets were established, but trade was im- 
peded by fear of Indians, now driven into the forest, some fifty 
miles away. 

In 1754 Alexandria was chosen as the county seat of Fairfax 
county. 

In the same year, while Washington was in command of the 
Virginia rangx;rs, in Alexandria, awaiting the arrival of General 
Braddock, an excited election contest occurred between Mr. 
Fairfax and Mr. Payne, for the House of Burgesses. Washing- 
ton supported the former and high words passed between him 
and Mr. Payne, in Market House Space, where the polls were 
held, which resulted in Payne striking Washington and knock- 



ing him down. Washington's troops would have made short 
work of Payne, but Washington interfered. The next morning 
Washington sent for Payne, and it was presumed that there 
would be a duel, but instead of pistols, glasses and decanter 
were in evidence and Washington said to Payne: "Mr. Payne, to 
err is human. I was wrong yesterday, but if you have had 
sufficient satisfaction, let us be friends." From that day Wash- 
ington was Payne's ideal. 




Cameron Lakes, Alexandria water supply. 

1755- April 3, Braddock's army arrived on an English fleet. 

General Braddock, while in Alexandria, held a conference with 
Governors Dinwiddie, Sharpe, Delaney and Morris, in the Car- 
lysle House, views of which are given herein, and here it was 
that they discussed the scheme for colonial taxation, which 
lirouglit on Ihe Revolution some years later. It will thus be seen 
that Wasliington, who advised Braddock against the manage- 
ment of his ill-fated trip and saved the remnant of the army 
from destruction, also led the Revolutionary soldiers to victory 
against the unjust laws created by the advice of this same Gen- 
eral Braddock. 




Present hand- 
some edifice 
stands on site of 
house built 1817. 



Washington School (Male), Col. Theodore Ficklin, Principal. 



1763- Four streets were added — South, Wolfe, and Wilkes; 
West, Pitt and St. Asaph, the latter was named for Mr. Hali- 
fa.x. Dean of St. Asaph, who had prominently served the town. 

At a town sale Washington purchased two corner lots on Pitt 
street, one on the northeast corner of Prince and the other on 
the southwest corner of Cameron street, paying for the first 
£38. From this propertj', in 1790, he received $300 annual 
ground rent. Here it was that up to within the last decade 
stood a formidable-looking, old-fashioned house, with a sign 
running across the pavement to the curb, which attracted gen- 
eral attention from the following alliterative sentence, "Philip 
Park Practical Plumber corner Pitt and Prince." On the Cam- 
eron street site, for which he paid £10 ids., Washington built his 
town office, which stood intact until just before the war, when 
it was pulled down to erect the present structures. It would be 
a good plan for the Sons and Daughters of the American Revo- 
lution to purchase this property and restore the semblance of 
tlie old building. 

In this year Alexandrians met to consider the stamp tax on 
tea, and resolved "if Boston is forced to submit, we will not." 
Washington presided over the meeting. 

1766. December 10 Washington was chosen trustee to succeed 
George Johnston, deceased. 

1767. A lottery having been started to build a church and 
market house, Mr. Ramsay reports £11 12s. as the result. 

1767-73. Christ Church (two exterior and one interior views 
are given herein) was built. Washington was one of the 
vestrymen and worshiped therein. 

1774. The Presbyterians built the First Presbyterian Church 
on South Fairfax, near Wolfe. General Washington contribut- 
ed to the erection of this edifice and occasionally attended the 
services. 

1774. August 13 the Friendship Fire Company was organized. 
Washington was a member of this company, and in 1775 pur- 
chased, in Philadelphia, for £80 los., and sent to the company the 
most approved fire apparatus to be had. 

(In 1799, the last year of his life, Washington was in Alex- 
andria during a fire, and, seeing the Friendship engine badly 
manned and a number of gentlemen standing idly by, jumped 
from his horse and said: "Why are you idle, gentlemen? It is 
your business to lead in these matters." and took hold of the en- 



gine himself, being followed by all who could catch hold. This 
old company was organized "for mutual friendship," and agreed 
to carry to every fire "two leathern buckets and one great bag 
of oznaburg or wider linen." The buckets, of course, were for 
water, and the bags were to contain small articles of personal 
property. The old company is still alive and its old engine is 
one of the most interesting curiosities of the city. The engine 
house is situated on Alfred street, between King and Prince. 
We give an illustration of the company, taken from a photo- 
graph made on flie Cameron street front of Christ Church, in 
l88g, just before it went to New York to attend the centennial 
of Washington's first inauguration.) 

'775- Volunteer Company formed, Washington elected Hon- 
orary Captain. Several companies of Alexandrians fought in 
the Revolution. 




Golf Club, Suter's Hill, first sitt: selected for National Capitol. 

1773- The Sun Fire Company was organized. Unfortunately 
this organization has disposed of its old apparatus, but as late 
as the early seventies it was in service and did good work. 

1779. The town was incorporated by the General Assembly. 

1780. Robert T. Hooe was elected first Mayor. 




Appomatox — Elder's "Confederate Soldier," Washington and Prince Streets, and Cc-nmittee at unveiling, i88g. 



ALEXANDRIA THE CRADLE OF THE FEDERAL CON- 
STITUTION. 

1785. In March of this year delegates from Maryland and 
Virginia met in Alexandria to make a compact relative to the 
navigation of the Potomac and the import duties charged by 
the two States. This meeting led to demands from Pennsyl- 
vania and Delaware which resulted in an adjournment until 
September to Annapolis, Md., when there were present dele- 
gates from five States, who, after diligent conference, adjourned 
to meet representatives of all the thirteen States in Philadel- 
phia, which body framed the Constitution of the United States. 
It can therefore be said that the American Union owes its birth 
to Alexandria. 

In 1785, on the 17th of September, the foundation of the Lan- 
castrian school was established. The corner-stone being laid 
by Lodge No. 385, of York Masons (illustrated). 

1789. December 3, the cession by Virginia to the District 
was made, but Congress did not take control until 1801. 

1791. April 15 the S. E. corner-stone of the District of Co- 
lumbia was laid at Jones's Point, with Masonic honors, by Alex- 
andria Lodge, No. 22. 

>-- 1793. The first pavement was laid on King street, extending 
from Fairfax to Pitt streets. The money was raised by the sale 
of lottery tickets and by private subscriptions. Lotteries were 
not then in disrepute. 

1798. The 22nd of February was first celebrated by a birth- 
night ball at Gadsby's tavern (now City Hotel). Washington 
was present. 

1799. December 14 Washington died and his funeral was at- 
/ tended by the Mayor and City Council of Alexandria and nearly 

all the population, many of whom walked the seven miles to 
Mount Vernon to show their respect for their greatest citizen. 

After the Revolution a new academy building was erected near 
the corner of Washington and Wolfe streets. To this school 
Washington gave during his life £50 per annum for a free de- 
partment "for the sons of widows," and in his will bequeathed 
$4,000, as the following extract from his will shows: 

"To the Trustees of the Academy in the town of Alexandria 
I give in trust $4,000, or, in other words, twenty of the shares 
which I hold in the Bank of Alexandria, towards the support of 
a free school." 




L"-^ w liui u Jj.t l.t \ die \\ a: 
feled. 



1800. General Daniel Ro- 

bedeaux came to Alexandria 
and built and resided in the 
house on Lee street owned 
by the late John T. Hill. 

1801. February 27 Con 
gress took control of the city 
under the act creating the 
District of Columbia. 

1803. The city was visited 
by a yellow fever scourge, 
and lost 200 of its citizens. 

1807. The embargo d i d 
damage to the city's trade. 

1814. On August 28th, the 
British captured and plund- 
ered the city. 

1816. In September the 
celebrated "Female Strang- 
er," arrived in Alexandria, 
and died on the 4th of Octo- 
ber following, at the City 
Hotel. (See sketch and il- 
lustration.) 

1817. A handsome market 
building, surmounted by a 
Destroyed by fire in 1871, and 



tower and town clock was erected, 
rebuilt in 1873. 

1824. Lafayette visited the city and was royally receivetl and 
entertained by tlie Ma.sonic fraternity and the citizens generally. We 
present an illustration of the fine residence now owned by Mrs. C. 
C. Smoot, corner Duke and St. A.saph, where he was entertained at 
a magnificent ball. 

1824. "A country can be free if slie WILLS it," was tlie motto 
at reception parade to Lafayette. Since that date Alexandria 
has accomplished everything that SHE WILLED. 

Our age seems to be one of souvenirs, some people assert 
that the country has run souvenir mad, but to prove that we 
are way in the rear at this date it is only necessary to reproduce 
the following poetical extract from a letter of Benj. Hallowell, 
written to his uncle Comley, in Philadelphia, the day of his 
marriage, while resting between Alexandria and Sandy Springs: 




Lee Camp Hall and Veterans starting on Confederate Memorial Day, 1906. 



J. ^ 



"Each lover of liberty surely must get, 
Something in honor of Lafayette. 
There's a Lafayette watch-chain, a Lafayette hat, 
A Lafayette this and a Lafayette that: 
But I wanted something as lasting as life — 
And took to myself a Lafayette wife." 

Just think of it! a "lover of liberty" taking unto himself a 
wife! The day after this was written, Lafayette passed the 
home of the bridal couple, in Ale.xandria, and the "General po- 
litely raised liis hat, not knowing that Margarette was a bride 
or that I had the day before called her my Lafayette wife." 

Benjamin Ilallowell started his cele- 
brated school on Oronoco street, "near 
Washington," really on corner of St. 
Asaph. 

1827. Alexandria subscribed $250,000 
to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, on 
condition that connection be made with 
Alexandria Canal. President John 
Quincy Adams broke earth on this canal 
at Georgetown. An argument used for 
building this canal being that its waters 
could be used by the conimunity, whicli 
was poorly supplied from wells and wa- 
ter carts. When the canal was opened 
the idea was quickly abandoned. 

1827. In January fifty-three houses 
destroyed by fire, involving a loss of over 
*;100,000. Relief Hook and Ladder Com- 
pany organized. 

1S27. A benevolent society was organ- 
ized with Thomas Jacobs as president and 
Benjamin Hallowell as secretary, and a 
number of prominent Quakers iind citizens 
as members. The object as stated by Mr. . 
Hallowell, in his autobiography was "to 
assist slaves who were willed to be free." 
The association published some letters in 
the "Alexandria Gazette," as early 
as the year 1827, favoring the abolition 
of slavery in the District of Columbia, 
and sent a petition to Congress to the same etifect, "signed by 
all the Judges of the District and nearly all the Pastors of the 
Gospel in Alexandria, Washington and Georgetown, and over 




Col. Aktiilir Hekhekt, 
Col. mil Va., C. S. A., last 
descendant of Col. Car- 
lysle born in old Caiiysle 
house. 



1,500 voters of the two counties comprizing the District, one on 
the North and the other on the South side of the Potomac." 
This petition was ignored by Congress. 

1830 to 1840 represents a period of active business operations. 
Alexandria expended large amounts of money in aiding to build 
the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and in building the Alexandria 
Canal. Large amounts of coal was brought to Alexandria from 
the Cumberland mines, but other trade was not sufficiently de- 
veloped to make the success anticipated. 

1833. The house on the southwest corner of Washington 
and Queen streets, owing to the death of Mrs. Hooe, was sold 
to Jolin Lloyd, who bid above the estimated value. Within a 
few days Mr. Hallowell purchased from the Potomac Bank, 
through Phinneas Janney the tobacco warehouse on Washington 
street, near the corner of Cameron, which he had been using as 
a school house since 1830, and also the sugar house (refinery) 
which he had remodeled and used for a school and boarding 
house. Later the two structures were connected by a building 
which was used for scliool rooms, tearchers' rooms and board 
ers. The tobacco house and connection have been torn down. 
In 1871 Taylor and Blackburn purchased the "Sugar House," 
and Professor Blackburn later bouglit out Mr. Taylor and still 
continues the old school. We are indebted to him for the use of 
the pen and ink sketcli showing the old building, drawn by Mr. 
Hallowell. 

1833. May 6 Captain Randolph pulled President Jackson's 
nose, on steamboat "Sydney," lying at the Alexandria wharf. 

1834. Lyceum was organized. Benjamin Hallowell unani 
mously elected president. Fine Hall built S. W. corner Wash- 
ington and Prince streets. Many noted men delivered addresses 
in this building, notably. President John Q. Adams, Caleb Gush- 
ing, Samuel Goodrich (Peter Parley), now residence of Dr. Mc- 
Guire. 

1S46. In September Alexandria was retroceded to Virginia, 
the State assuming three-fourths of its debt. 

The era of railroad building now began, and Alexandria took 
an active part in the work, beginning and partly building three 
lines of road — the Orange and .Alexandria, the Manassas Gap 
and the Alexandria, Loudoun, and Hampshire, in addition to 
which, just prior to the war, a line was built to the south end of 
the Old Long Bridge. 

1848. Alexandria Volunteers in the Mexican War returned 
under Captain M. D. Course, afterward Colonel of the 17th Vir- 




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umop 

..,i-UMBERYARD 
nORSASHaBLINDFACTi 



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fan.ous by his crackers, which Queen V c.orl '.^s a vnlZ ' "' ""^ ""*! """"■>■ "■« ■'esidence of Mr J mkZ, C ,^ "■" .'^'■^-■^'«- Tl-e buil.l- 
i in.shed S.,„p,.e. a„ over Nor.ll'ern y^^lnl^^^^rtT^^^^Z^:^: ^^l^ll^^l^^ '--"-, .bl.,„'rr'n';^"C,!a;"i!."b,l""s";,^;'l^;;;r4"t'3 



^ 



ginia ami Brigadier General in Kemper's Division. (See illus- 
tration of his home, now owned by Mr. C. C. Leadbeater). 

1850. March 22 the Alexandria water company was chartered. 

1851. Water company organized. Benj. Hallowell, president. 

1852. October. Water mains, seven miles in length, were 
opened and the pure water of Cameron Run has ever since sup- 
plied the city. 

1855. At the Dowell store fire, on King street (site of 
Baader's store (see illustration); several prominent citizens were 
crushed by a falling wall. A monument to their bravery and 
patriotism was erected by the townspeople. 

1859. The Alexandria Riflemen escorted the Governor to 
Harpers Ferry to suppress John Brown's Raid. Three other 
companies of Alexandria soldiers and a battalion of Alexandria 
artillery also went to Harpers Ferry and remained during the 
trial and ex- 




Marshall House, Old and New 



e c u t i o n of 
John Brown 
and other in 
surgcnts. 

1861. The 
war came on. 
The city was 
captured by 
the Federal 
troops on 
May 24 and Ells- 
worth and Jackson 
were killed May 24, 
1861. O 1 d house 
(destroyed by fire 
1872.) Confederate 
flag shown and new 
building in corner. 
Latest story in con- 
nection therewith: 
A darky guide ap- 
proached a leading "^^ 
merchant, lately, and 
said, "Boss, I'se a 
guide — let me sho' 
you 'roun?" "What 
can you tell me, 
boy?" "Dar is de 



Marsham House, where Lord Fairfax killed Elzworf." (See il- 
lustration.) 

1865. With the return of peace, Alexandria again started to 
build up her waste places, but had a very hard struggle. She 
lost almost her entire interest in the railroads built by her, and 
as the canal proved a failure, it was sold, and the city has as a 
legacy for her debt a few acres of river front, now being im- 
proved with fine factories. ■ 

1871. On the night of May 19 the market building was destroyed 
by fire. This building was rebuilt in 187;!. the illustrations 
thereof showing two sides, Royal and Cameron streets, and the 
handsome Masonic Temple. It gives the city government mag- 
nificent offices, courtrooms, etc., as well as providing a line home 
for Washington Lodge. The tower over the centre of the City 
Hall and the clock was presented to the city by the late Mr. 
John B. Daingcrfield, one of the most benevolent, enterprising, 
and successful men the city ever produced. Our illustration 
shows the original and new building. 

1880. March 9 Centennial of the founding of the municipal- 
ity was celebrated by the Mayor, City Council and citizens. 
The oration was delivered by Mr. William F. Carne and a poem 
written and read by Henry P. Whittington. The program of 
parade follows: 

One hundred boys, bearing torches; Capt. J as. F. Webster, 
with a platoon of policemen; Chief Marshal and Aids; Assist- 
ant Marshals; the Alexandria Musical Association; the Alex- 
andria Light Infantry; St. John's Cadet Battalion; Officers and 
soldiers of the United States and Confederate States armies; 
Chaplain, Orator, Poet and other guests; Judges and Ofiicers 
of the Courts; Members and Officers wf the City Council; the 
City School I'joard; Fire Wardens and Chief En.gineer; the 
Fricndsliip Fire Company, organized in 1774; tlic Sun Fire 
Company, organized in 1775; the Relief Hook and Ladder Com- 
pany, organized in 1788; the Hydranlion S. F. Company, organ- 
ized in 1827; Clarkson's Cornet Band; the Columbia S. F. Com- 
pany, organized in 1871. 

1889. May 24, the beautiful statue of the Confederate soldier, 
commonly known as "Appomattox," was unveiled. It was erect- 
ed by the surviving Confederates to their comrades who lost 
their lives in battling for the "lost cause." The monument is a 
most excellent piece of artistic work and is carefully looked after 
by the good women of our city, all of whom take pride and 
pleasure in thus commemorating the deeds of the heroes who 
left Alexandria to do battle for principle. The monument is 




iiulu^lii.il Akx.Hi.ln.i SlKH.S I Hi. 1*.\1- I* SIK m; l\\ri( H< \ ).li.i^. i:.-ii.l li.. ni , I 'r ■■^i.l. n I ; 1 ' i . .1 ,1- I'..;!. V u .- 1 'i -^ i,l. n : J.I , ,M H : . -■■ ,_ 
tftary and Tn-asurrr : H. K. IV>».s. Sii|«-iiiitrii(K-iit. This Cfjiiipaiiv Kives employment to .H4 people, employiiiK 11 Travelers, who are kept busy. 
Their output is 1.20(> pairs of Infants". Children's and Misses' Shi>es daily. Their annua) pay-roll is nearly $40,000. They sell principally Soutli 
and West, and do a business in excess of $150,000.00. Nu better Shoes arc made in their line* 



erected at the corner of Washington and Prince streets, the 
point from which the Alexandria soldiers started South in 
1861. 

TER-CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION STARTS 
FROM ALEXANDRIA. 

1895. Hon. Wm. H. May, as a Member of the Legislature, 
introduced a Resolution asking for an appropriation of $10,000 
as a preliminary sum for properly representing the Ter-Cen- 
tennial. Alexandria can, therefore, claim through her represent- 
ative, Mr. May, to have put in motion the ball which has re- 
sulted in the Jamestown Exposition. 

*i899. October 12, Alexandria celebrated the 150th anniver- 
sary of the platting and laying out of the city, in which work 
George Washington assisted. A doubt has been cast upon this 
statement, but the following extract, published by Mr. William 
F. Carne, sets forever at rest this question: 

"Some of the field notes made by the boy surveyor, George 
Washington, when he assisted in laying out the town of Alex- 
andria, in 1748, were copied by the late Dr. J. M. Toner, from a 
memorandum book kept by Washington, when he was sixteen 
years old. They are as follows: 

"The course of the town of Alexandria; the meanders of the 
river. 

S. 84^ et. 3 chains. 
S. 52 et. 17 L. 
S. 24 E. s E. 9 S. 

to a point at a small hickory standing above the landing place. 

S. 70 E. I C. 25 L. 
S. 45 E. 3 C. 18 L."** 

The following extract from Harper's Magazine is reproduced 
as most appropriately ending this brief sketch of our old city's 
chronological table: 

"All portions of Alexandria speak of Washington. In this 
city one may find, if he will blow aside the dust of a century, 

*Wa.shington first studied surveying under a Mr. Williams, in Westmore- 
land Count.v, but perfected himself in this important line under George Hume, 
a noted Scotch engineer, who emigrated to America and settled in the North- 
ern Neck, and did some celebrated work in surveying, among which was the 
laying out of the city of Fredericksburg. (See Henry's Statutes. J 



footprints of the Father of His Country, that tell of his ways 
as he moved round about home. Elsewhere the great chief is 
on horseback, or sits high in some chair of state, lofty and re- 
moved from common men, but in Alexandria, he is dismounted 
and afoot — a townsman and a neighbor." 

November i, Washington Monument Association organized. 
Wm. B. Smoot, president; C. C. Leadbeater, treasurer; and 
Alex. J. Wedderburn, secretary, who together with the follow- 
ing, composed the organization: George R. Hill, E. E. Down- 




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Residence F. H. Harper, 
Prince Street. 



Portrait and residence of Hon. Wni. H. 
May, ex-member of Legislature. 



ham, A. W. Armstrong, J. K. M. Norton, J. M. Hill, John W. 
May, Ashby Miller, Isaac Eichberg, and George A. Appich. 

December 13 and 14, the Grand Lodge of A. F. and A. M., of 
Virginia, met in Alexandria, and, on the 14th, assisted by the 
Grand Lodges of the several jurisdictions of the United States, 
proceeded on a pilgrimage over the same route that was covered 
at Washington's funeral. The Mayor and City Council of Alex- 




,^l„ '";J"^'""'.■•^'"a■»^"a-I.UMllhK. <-()AI, AND 1'1.ASTI.;k. Tlu ... arc tlic inodiRt. clii^lly dealt in !»■ Wm. A. Smool. father aiul s.,n. OwniuK extcuMvc- 
plaster mines .n Nova Scotia they import direct and grind in Alexandria. Their coal trade is very extensive, shipping larKelv direct from the nitncs The 
Ui l,er business IS one of the most important of the eitys industries and covers a Iar« area as can be seen frim the illustration. They have extensive 

S'uX a"d "a'^'a'l'aTle 'trad°e in Wal?:in«Ton''"""' "'°'''' " ''°"''- "'' "^" "^ "" ''''"'■' "' '""""'' '""' °"'" ""^ ''"'^- '^'^'^ ^"'P "^™"«'' "" °' '"^ '^"-'^ 



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andria, Lodge No. 22, hundreds of our citizens, and thousands 
of others, paid homage to the dead hero at Mount Vernon, and 
repeated again the ceremony of a hundred years ago and laid a 
tribute on the tomb of Washington the great, the noble, the true; 
Washington, the patriot, the statesman, the soldier; Washing- 
ton, the Mason, the fireman, the surveyor, the farmer; Wash- 
ington, the foremost in history, the champion of human liberty, 
the friend of humanity. 

1900. The first petrified brick laid on King street, between 
Royal and Union. Much credit is due to Hon William H. May, 
ex-Member of the Legislature, 'for pushing this matter among 
the property owners. In the Council, ex-Mayor Henry Strauss 
was an earnest advocate of the movement. Mr. M. B. Harlow 
and other members of the Reform League, actively pressed 
street improvements. 



The Female Stranger's Grave. 

In St. Paul's Episcopal graveyard is to be found an iron 
railing surrounding a tomb, upon which can be read the fol- 
lowing inscription: 

To the Memory of a 

FEMALE STRANGER, 

Whose mortal sufferings terminated 

On the nth day of October, 1816, 

Aged 23 years and 8 months 

This Stone is placed here by her disconsolate 

Husband, in whose arms 

she sighed out her 

Latest breath, and who, under God, 

Did his utmost even to sooth the cold dull car of death. 

"How lov'd, how valu'd once avails thee not. 
To whom related, or by whom begot, 
A heap of dust alone remains of thee, 
'Tis all thou art and all the proud shall be." 

"To Him gave all the Prophets witness that through His name 
whosoever believeth in Him shall receive remission of sins." — 
Acts, 10 chap. 43 verse. 



One of^ the unsolved mysteries of the world is to be found in 
the aTxne grave and epitaph to the F emale Stranger. The only 
facts known about this singular tomb is that iij.,September, 1816, 
a gentleman, accompanied by a lady very iU,. arrived at Alex- 
andria and put up at the City Hotel. She remained in her room 
until her death on October 11. Her Jiusband was very taciturn, 
and gave no information as to himself or family. After the 











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The-Feniale Stranger^s Grave. 



death of the lady he purchased the lot above referred to and 
erected the tomb, giving in payment of his debts drafts on Eng- 
land (which tradition says were returned dishonored). He then 
disappeared and was never again heard of, although it is claimed 
by some old people that he was seen in prison in a Northern 
State. The incident has led to the publication by Mr. Wm. F. 
Carne of a most interesting story, entitled, "The Narrative of 
John Trust." , 




Industrial Alexaudria— AGRICULTURAI* IMPLEMENTS. Win. H. May & Son. established directly after war closed, do a Irrge and extending busi- 
ness. The senior member represented the city in the Iceislaturc. and has been prominent in city affairs for many years and is ass. ?iated with his son John 
W., a progressive youns; business man. They represent large agricultural implement houses, and deal larircly in seeds and manufac jrc fertilizers. 



Historical Points of Interest 




O OTHER city in the United States has as many 
historical points of interest as the old City of 
Alexandria, "Washington's home town." Volumes 
could be written in regard to them, and yet the 
whole story would not be half told. The visitor to 
Alexandria treads upon holy, historic ground. 
- ™.,_ and if the tale were told each one of the old and 
~^P;lra stately houses (a number of which we show in our 
*^ — J illustrations) of Colonial times, and each one of 
the original nine streets could an interesting tale 
unfold. Space, however demands that I confine myself briefly to 
the chief points of interest in and around Alexandria. 

First comes OLD CHRIST CHURCH (p. 4). owing to its 

connection with both Wash- 
ington and Lee. 

The recent discussion of 
the confiscation of church 
property in France brings to 
mind the fact that the Legis- 
lature of the State of Vir 
i;inia, directly after the Revo 
Intion, enacted much more 
ilrastic measures in confiscat- 
ing the property of the es- 
tablislicd church, as all the 
glebe lands of the various 
state churches were confis 
cated with the exception of 
those belonging to Christ 
Church and "one other" 
(probably the Falls Church, 
which was a part of the sami: 
parish). The churches dc 
pended upon these glebes for 
support, and it is believed 
that the confiscation of their 
property entailed great hard 
ship upon them Owing to 
tlie influence of Washington 
and Charles Lee, the legisla- 
Christ Church. '"''6 failed to include the pro 

Washington Street View. Perty of Christ Church in the 




confiscation act. It is a fact that this confiscation caused great 
inconvenience and loss to the churches, but it is also a fact 
that men like George Mason and others, prominent in the Es- 
tablished Church (Episcopal) were ardent advocates of the act, 
and probably did as much to secure its passage as any one else. 

Next in importance is the ALEXANDRIA-WASHINGTON 
LODGE, No. 22. (See sketch.) 

The CARLYLE AND BRADDOCK HOUSE (pp. 5 and 
6) unquestionably is the next most interesting sight for the visi- 
tor. All visitors are invited to pass through the "Alexandria 
Sunday Times" Office and avail themselves of our files of lead- 
ing papers, or of any information that can be given them. 

The following interesting sketch was handed the writer by 
a prominent and well-known gentleman residing near this city, 
and who is perfectly acquainted with every fact stated. 

"The old Carlyle house was built by John Carlyle in the 




Interior of Christ Church. 




Industrial Alexandria— LEATHER. The leather trade, established in 1S20, by the grandfather of the present members of the firm of C. C. Smoot & 
Sons has been one of the institutions of the city. The company is incorporated with Mr. Wm. B. Smoot, as President: J. C. Smoot, Treasurer, and Kobt. S. 
Jones. Secretary. They manufacture principally packers hides, and have a present capacity of between 16,0<»0 and '" .000 .hides weekly, making nothina: but 
the best grade of oak tanned leather. Principal office Washing^ton and Wolfe Streets, with tanneries at SpetTy\'illr, Va.. and WilkcsberT>-, N. C. Illustration 
is of the latter tannery. 



year 1745. He came over as Collector of Customs under the 
Cro%vn, and settled first at Dumfries, in the old colonial days. 
He married Sarah Fairfax, a daughter of William Fairfax, of 
Belair, and was one of the original trustees named in the char- 
ter of the city of Alexandria. At the solicitation of General 
Washington and William Fairfax, he was appointed by Gover- 
nor Dinwiddle, of Virginia, Major and Quartermaster during 
the French and Indian War, and while acting as such entertained 
Governors Dinwiddle, Sharpe, Delaney, Morris and General 
Braddock, whose disastrous campaign and death has passed into 
history. 

"William Herbert married Sarah Carlyle and resided at the 
old Carlyle mansion up to his death. And his son, William Her- 
bert, resided there until he moved to Shuter's Hill. Col. Arthur 
Herbert, the youngest son of William Herbert, was the last 
member of the family born there. The lawn in the early days 
stretched down to the 
river, and the stories of 
the house, having been 
built over an old Indian 
fort, ,are purely imagin- 
ary. ( It was the seat of 
much old-fashioned hospi- 
tality. General Washing- 
ton, in his diary, makes 
frequent mention of din- 
ing at Colonel Carlyle's, 
where an open house was 
kept for all the gentry of 
that day, a society, for 
culture and refinement, 
that was unsurpassed. 
The annals of the vestry 
of Christ Church show 
that upon the failure of 
the contractor to finish 
that church. Col. Carlyle 
took the contract and fin 
ished it, and among the 
old family silver left by 
him was a silver flagon, 
basket and two goblets 
that were used in the 
church many years in the 




Residence of Robt. F. Downham. southeast corner of Washington and Oronoco streets. House 
in which Edmund I. Lee wrote Congressional resolutions relative to Washington — "First in 
war. first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen." 



administration of the sacrament." 

The OLD CITY HOTEL, with its history so closely identi- 
fied with that of Washington, is probably the next point of 
interest. 

Braddock Heights, situated about a mile northwest of the 
city, was where the Army of Braddock was camped during 
the interim between its landing and the advance to Fort Du 
Quesne. It is now one of the most prosperous of the numerous 
suburban towns around Alexandria, and is situated directly on 
the Mt. Vernon Railroad. An illustration is given of Robert 
Elliot's house. He is one of Alexandria's most energetic real 
estate men. 

The OLD FRIENDSHIP FIRE COMPANY, to which 
Washington belonged, and to which he presented tlie most mod- 
ern fire engine of his day, imported from France and purchased 
in Philadelphia, in 1774, and sent by ox-team to the old company 

at Alexandria. The orig- 
inal engine unfortunately 
was disposed of years ago 
but the present engine 
was much needed, and 
the company had to dis- 
pose of the Washington 
engine so as to purchase 
the one they now have, 
which was in constant 
use and did efficient serv- 
ice up to the early 70's. 
It is still in good repair 
and forms one of the chief 
attractions of Alexandria, 
and in case of need both 
it and its veteran mem- 
bers would be heard from. 
Ex-Mayor E. E. Down- 
ham is the present Presi- 
dent of the Company. 
Their engine house is sit- 
uated on south Alfred 
street, between King and 
Prince. 

The LAFAYETTE 
HOUSE. (See illustra- 
tion, p. II.) 




IndustrinI Alex- 
aii'lria — ICH FAC- 
TORY. Mutual Ice 
Co . ConitTon and 
I'uion Sts., W. M. 
Rcardon. Prestdcnl. 
H. Hammond, Treas- 
urer, \V. M. Kcnrdon 
Jr., Secrctar>'. Mnnu- 
fact\irers of Plaleand 
Can Ice. dealers in 
Kennebec River Ice 
and Mico Water Ca- 
pacity of 40 tons per 
day. and storaKc ca- 
pacity of 400 tons per 
day. from house or 
vessel. They employ 
an average of from in 
to 50 men accordinir 
to the season. It is 
one of the important 
in<lustries of the city 
and during; (he ice 
famine refused to 
raise the price to its 
city customers or to 
sell to outsiders at 
the hiffher rate. 



Natural Ice Storage Warehouse. 



The First Presbyterian Church (Churches) was built in 
1774. Washington contributed to the funds and often attended 
service in the old building. This building was destroyed by 
fire July 26, 1833, and rebuilt in 1836 — (illustrated). 

The MARSHALL HOUSE (p. 13), of which we give the 
original view as seen in 1861, and the present view in the cor 
ner, is a point of great interest from the fact that on the 17th 
of April, 1861, the day that Virginia seceded, Mr. James Jackson 
raised a Confederate flag over his house and said it should only 
come down over his dead body. On the 24th of May, when the 
city was evacuated by the Confederate forces and the Federals 
took possession, under command of Col. Elmore Ellsworth, of 
the New York Zouaves, he marched his regiment up King street, 
to the corner of Pitt, halted them in front of the Marshall House 
and he, to.gether with a squad of his men. rushed up the stair- 
way and tore 
down the Con- 
federate flag. On 
coming down, he 
was met by Mr. 
Jackson, with a 
d o u b le-barreled 
shot-gun , loaded 
with buck-shot, 
who discliarged 
one of the barrels 
into the colonel, 
killing him in- 
stantly. He was 
about to fire the 
second load when 
Corporal Brow- 
nell knocked up 
his gun, shot him 
and tlien bayo- 
netted him. 

The CONFED- 
ERATE MONU- 
MENT (p. 10). 
situated at the in ■ 
tersection of 
Prince and Wash- 
ington streets, 
was erected by 



ran^ 





Fairfax House. Residence of Win. A. Smoot, Jr. 
Formerly Residence of Dr. Fairfax. 



Alkx.^ndri.^ Hospital. 

The Alexandria Hospital is one of the most perfect institutions of its kind in 
any small city of the Union and is said to excel many of the larger cities. 

the Alexandria Confederates to the memory of their comrades, 
who fell in the "lost cause," and who started out from that point 
from Alexandria on the 24th of May, 1861. The illustration 
given not only shows the monument, but the committee of sol- 
diers and citizens who participated in tlie unveiling ceremonies, 
on the 24th day of May, 1889. 

On the southwest corner of Washin.gton and Prince streets 
diagonally opposite the monument, is the old Lyceum Building, 
in which many notable addresses were made, among the speak 
ers being ex-President John Quincy Adams, and on the south 
east corner is tlie handsome residence of Judge J. K. M. Norton 
(illustrated as decorated for the "Sesqui"), who so long and ef- 
ficiently served the City as Corporation Judge. 

LEE CAMP. Passing up Prince street a square and a half, 
between Columbus and Alfred, is LEE CAMP HALL, a picture 



of which we give, together with 
the old veterans as they started 
out to attend Memorial exercis 
es on the Conferedate Memorial 
Day, 1906. This hall also con- 
tains the City Library. 

CONFEDERATE VETER- 
ANS. (Src illustration, p. 12.) 

July 7, 1884, LEE CAMP, 
No. 5, Virginia, was organized, 
with the following officers: 
Commander, Philip B. Hooe; 
First Lieut. -Com., Wm. A. 
Smoot; Second Lieut. -Com., 
Frank Power; Third Lieut. - 
Com., K. Kemper; Adjutant, 
Edgar V/arfield; Quartermaster, 
R. M. Latham; Chaplain, Rev. 
G. H. Norton; Surgeon, Dr. 
Robt. C. Powell; Treasurer, R. 
F. Knox; Officer -of-the-Day, 
A. Howell. Many of these and 
of their Comrades who com- 
posed the Camp, have crossed 
over to "Fame's Eternal Camp- 
ing Ground," but their memory is 
Comrades and the Good Women 




I-edtral Cciueter>'. 



■cept green by their surviving 
of Alexandria, to whose ef- 
forts in a great measure the splendid building, Lee Camp Hall, 
on Prince street, was secured. In this building the City Li- 
brary is located, and this, too, is maintained principally 
through the efiforts of these daughters of Alexandria, wdio can- 
not be excelled in good works. Tlie officers of Lee Camp for 
1907 are Commander, Wm. A. Smoot; First Lieut. -Com., W. W. 
Sherwood; Second Lieut. -Com., J. W. Hammond; Third Lieut. - 
Com., John Hooff; Adjutant, Chas. S. Taylor; Chaplain, K. 
Kemper; Quartermaster, Alex. Lyies; Officer-of-the-Day, Jessie 
Murry. 

WASHINGTON SCHOOL (p. 8). On the corner of Wash- 
ington and Wolfe streets, is situated Washington School. Our 
portrait shows the old school still standing, built 1817, and the 
New High School, and Colonel Kemper, ex-Mayor of the City, 
and present Superintendent of Public Instruction. This school 
was endowed by Washington. 



ROBERT E. LEE'S BOY- 
HOOD HOMES IN ALEX- 
ANDRIA. We give two views 
of residences in whicli Robert 
E. Lee lived. (See sketch.) 

STRANGER'S GRAVE. 

(See sketch.) 

SUTER'S HILL (vulgar- 
ized Shuter's Hill). This is now 
the golf links. We give an il- 
lustration of the club house. In 
the early days it was a noted 
residential site, but it becomes 
of historical note from the fact 
that this point was selected as 
the site for building the Nation- 
al Capitol, but owing to Wash- 
ington's objection to having the 
public buildings put upon the 
•.outh side of the Potomac River, 
where he and his wife's grand- 
son owned so much property, 
an Act was passed by the first 
Congress requiring that all 
public buildings be built upon 
the Maryland side. 

The FAIRFAX HOUSE is on the corner of Cameron and 
St. Asaph streets. (See illustration.) 

The MUNICIPAL BUILDING, in which is the MASONIC 
TEMPLE, which is built upon the old Market Grounds, the 
scene of so many interesting episodes in the early days of the 
municipality. It is located on Royal, Cameron and Fairfax 
streets. (Illustrated together with first building.) 

The FEDERAL BUILDING is located on the corner of 
Prince and St. Asaph streets. (Illustrated.) 

Dr. Dick's House, Washington's physician, where Wash- 
ington was a constant visitor, is located on Duke street, near 
Fairfax. 

We give illustration of the ALEXANDRIA HOSPITAL, 
which shows that Alexandria is not behind in the way of 
promptly and efficiently caring for those in need of first-class 
medical aid. 






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Hon. Thomas B. Murphy's Home, 
Duke and Pitt Streets. 



Residence of Mr. A. D. Brockett. 
Washington Street. 





Handsome Residence of John A. M.irshall, 
Wolfe and St. Asaph Streets. 



President C. C. Smoot Co. 



Rebidence of Wm. B. Smoot, 



Prince and Columbus Streets. 



RESIDENTIAL ALEXANDRIA-FOUR HANDSOME HOMES 



MT. VERNON, ARLINGTON, AND WASHINGTON. 

goes without saying that the great Magnets that at- 




Frout view Carlysle Honse— rear of Braddock House and 
Alexandria Sunday Times office. 



tract the people of not alone the United States, but the world, 
to this section, are the American "Mecca," Mt. VerncMi, the 
Home and Tomb of he who was "First in war, first in peace, and 
first in the hearts of his countrymen"— GEORGE WASHING- 
TON. We not only give an illustration of his tomb and home, 
at Mt. Vernon, but we are glad to be able to show a photograph 
of the residence of Mr. Robert F. Downham, S. E. corner Wash- 
ington and Oronoco streets, it being the house in which that 
gifted Alexandrian, Edmond I. Lee, penned the Resolutions 
that Congress, a few days later, adopted in relation to the death 
of the Great Patriot. 



ARLINGTON, the American Westminster, built by George 
Washington Parke Custis, grandson of Mrs. Washington, whose 
daughter, and heiress, Mary, married Robert E. Lee, is one of 
the most attractive points of interest, and when the MEMOR- 
IAL BRIDGE is built its easy access will make it doubly at- 
tractive. 

OF WASHINGTON CITY there is no space in a book of 
this character to attempt to talk, that it is of great service to 
our City, is an undisputed fact, that as it increases in popula- 
tion and wealth, that as it is built up into a magnificent resi- 
dential city for the wealthy people of the Nation, and as the 
Government expands there can be no doubt that Alexandria 
will materially benefit by each and every advance made by that 
great city and the country at large, which so materially aids in 
the growth and prosperity of its Capital City, will rejoice that 
THE HOME TOWN of Washington is benefitted by their ex- 
penditures. I reproduce an old illustration showing the parade 
at the laying of the corner stone of the Capitol, participated in 
by Alexandria Lodge No. 22. 

WASHINGTON BIRTHDAY ASSOCIATION. Organ- 
ized January, 1903, for the purpose of properly commemorating 
the day of Washington's birth, in his HOME TOWN. Had 
splendid parades in i903-4-and-6; with banquets in 1905 and '07. 
Fred. J. Pafif was first President. Present officers are A. D. 
Brockett, President; Wm. A. Smoot, Jr., First Vice-President; 
Harry Hammond, Treasurer; Julian Y. Williams, Secretary. 
Headquarters, Chamber of Commerce. An organization of 
which the City is justly proud. 




Reliance No. $ 
Ready for Service. 



Friendship No, i. 
Washington's Fire Company, organized 1774. 




Columbia No. 4. 



ALEXANDRIA FIRE DEPARTMENT. 



Hook and Ladder No. i. 



Alexandrla=Washington Lodge y No. 22 



My thanks are 
due to a promi- 
nent member of 
Washington 
Lodge, for the 
following very in- 
teresting and ac- 
curate history of 
the old Lodge. It 
will doubtless be 
read with intense 
interest and great 
satisfaction by 
tlie t h o u s a n ds 
who will read this 
book. 

Masonic Temple 

Is located on 
Cameron street, 
between Fairfax 
and Royal streets 
and is the prop- 
erty of Alexand- 
r i a-W ashington 
Lodge, No. 22. 
This Lodge ob- 
tained its first 
charter from the 
Grand Lodge of 
Pennsylvania, m 
February, 1783, 
and was known 
as No. 39, under 
the Pennsylvania 
jurisdiction, Rob- 
ert Adam being 
tlie lirst Master. 
under this juris- 
diction. In 178S, 



George 
Washington 




Washington Lodge. First and Present Masters. 



the Pennsylvania 
charter was sur- 
rendered, and a 
charter obtained 
from the Grand 
Lodge of V i r- 
ginia, of which 
Edmund Ran- 
dolph was then 
the Grand Mas- 
ter. Under the 
Virginia charter 
the Lodge was 
known as Alex- 
ander, No. 22. 
General Washing- 
ton was appointed 
the first Master 
under the Vir- 
ginia jurisdiction 
and served as 
such until the ex- 
piration of the 
appointive term, 
when he was 
elected by the 
Lodge to suc- 
ceed himself. Af- 
ter tlie death of 
the General and 
in his honor, the 
L o d g e's name 
was again 
changed, in 1805, 
to Alexandria- 
Washington 
Lodge, No. 22, 
the name it now 
bears. In addi- 
tion to the old 
V i r g i n ia char- 



J. B. WALLER, 
Clerk Gas. 



E. C. DUNN, 
Engineer. 



SAM'L P. FISHER, 
City Attorney. 



F. W. LATHAM, 
Supt. Gas. 




HON. FRED. J. PAFF, Mayor. 
THE MAYOR AND CITY OFFICERS, 



ter, which contains both the names of Washington and Edmund 
Randolph (who was subsequently his Secretary of State), the 
Lodge possesses an almost priceless collection of Washington 
relics, among them the trowel used by the General in laying 
the corner-stone of the Capitol of the United States, September 
i8th, 1793. The Masonic apron woven by Madam Lafayette and 
presented to General Washington by Lafayette, in 1784, and 
worn by him at the above named ceremony; the Lesser Lights 
used at both the laying the corner-stone of the Capitol and at 
Washington's funeral; the Master's chair occupied by the Gen- 
eral when Master; picture of Washington, by Williams, of Phila- 
delphia, made in 1794, for the Lodge — the only one for which he 
sat while President. For this picture the Lodge has refused 
$50,000. Washington's bed chamber clock, wedding gloves, farm 
spurs, field compasses, and numerous other genuine relics of 
the great patriot, rest in the niches and hang upon the walls of 
the sanctum sanctorium. There also can be seen a fine paint- 
ing of Lord Thomas Fairfax, painted in London, in 1730, and 
one of Lafayette, by Hurdle, the Masonic aprons of Doctors 
Dick and Craik, his family physicians, worn by them at his 
funeral, comprise only a minor portion of its interesting and 
valuable collection. The history of this old Lodge, stretching 
over the entire period of our national existence, its membership 
originally constituted of the personal friends and neighbors of 
General Washington, is indeed intensely interesting, not only 
to members of the Fraternity, but to every true lover of the 
"mighty past." 

Few, if any, subordinate Lodges in this country have partici- 
pated in as many events of national importance as has old No. 
22. Space will not permit us to enumerate them all, but promi- 
nent among the many are laying the first corner-stone of the 
District of Columbia, on Jones's Point, Va. (which they did") 
April iSth, 1791. They assisted in laying the corner-stone of 
the Capitol of the United States September i8th, 1793, the 
Smithsonian Institute in 1S47, of the Washington Monument, 
1848; the Equstrian Statue of Washington at Richmond, Va., 
in 1850; and performed the Masonic ceremony at Washington's 
funeral, December i6th, 1799. On this occasion. Dr. Elisha 
Cullcn Dick presided as Master. Five of the pall bearers, viz: 
Colonels Charles Simms, Dennis Ramsay, Wni. Payne, Geo. 
Gilpin, and Charles Little, were members of the Lodge, as were 
Rev. jas. Muir (Chaplain), and Rev. Thos. Davis, Rector of 
Christ Church, who performed the religious service. No visitor 
to Alexandria should fail to see this historic land-mark and its 
sacred treasures, around which such precious memories cling. 



Venerable indeed, 
but still vigorous 
in its old age, it 
has become by 
virtue of past as- 
sociations, the 
shrine of Ameri- 
can Masons, anv 
it should be, as its 
history is their 
history, its honor 
their honor. 




\ 



Lid of Washington's Coffin 

Presented by John Struthers 

of Philadelphia. 



Mount Vernon, Fairfax Co., Va.— rear view 
The Home and Tomb of Washington 



W. H. Sweeney 



W. W. Ballcnger 




i^: ^4^i0^ 



y 
•^ 



HJ>I3 'uosduioqj, H 1 



Pl=!d 'a H 



General Lee and Alexandria. 




For the first time, probably, in 
any article about Alexandria, we 
are enabled to produce the photo- 
graphs of the houses in which Gen. 
Robert E. Lee lived when a boy, 
and where he went to school, the 
old histor- 



ner of Queen and Washington streets only a few doors north is 
situated the Lloyd Mansion, occupied by Mrs. Yateman and 
Miss Minnie Lloyd. This is the house in which General Lee 
was first notified of his appointment (our thanks are due to Miss 
Lloyd for this information and for the following statement): 
On the celebrated Sunday in April General Lee. attended Christ 



ic school 
house and 
the house in 
which Gen. 
Lee was 
first notifi 
ed that ho 
had been 
a p p o inted 
C o mmand- 
e r-i n-Chief 
of the armies of Virginia at the out 
break of the war. We also give a 
reproduction of the residence of Ed 
mund I. Lee, in which house he wrote 
the celebrated Resolution offered in Con- 
gress in which he voiced the world 
famed expression: "First in peace, first 
in war, first in the hearts of liis country- 
men." 

The houses in which General Lee as a 
boy lived are on Oronoco street, about 
midway between Washington and St. 
Asaph streets, and also Christ Church 
parsonage, on Washington and Queen 
streets. 

Hallowell School (now conducted by 
Professor Blackburn, to whom we are 
indebted for the copy of the old pic- 
ture), is situated on the west side of 
Washington street, about one-half a 
square from Christ Church. On the cor 




Benjamin HaUowell's celebrated school for boys at which ROBERT E. LEE and man.v other celebrated men 
were taught mathematics and everythinff pertainini? to honorable manhood. Picture is taken from a 
pen and ink sketch drawn by Benjamin Hallowell and kindly loaned the writer by Professor Blackburn 
who now carries on the old school in the larg-e buildin^r to the right of the "sugar house." The observatory 
shown in the rear, the school to the ritrht and the playgrounds adjoining have since the war given place 
to handsome residences and the Synagogue. 



E. S. Leadbeatcr 



Henry Straus 



Louis W. Brill 



Henry Baader Julian Y. Williams Robert Monroe 




W. H. Hellmuth J. F. Birrell 



Frank C. Spinks, Jr. Chas. B. Marshall 

ALEXANDRIA COMMON COUNCIL 



Frank J. Evans D. R. Stansbury, Clerk. 



Church. When he came out of the Church, Miss Lloyd, then 
a young girl, joined him and taking hold of his hand, walked 
directly home, no one stopping them en route to say anything to 
the General, although it has been asserted that General Lee was 




Residence nf Mrs. Yeatman on the S. W. corner of Prince and Queen Streets. 
House in which General Lee was notified by Mrs Tabb that he had been 
selected by the Constitutional Convention to command the Virginia forces. 

notified of his appointment as he left Christ Church. Miss 
Lloyd continued, that when General Lee reached her home and 
entered the parlor they were met by her sister, Mrs. Tabb 
(mother of Mrs. S. G. Brent), who had arrived in Alexandria 
after the service at the church began. Mrs. Tabb met General 
Lee and informed hiin that a commission, which had been sent 
by a committee of the Convention, had accompanied her froin 
Richmond to Alexandria, to inform him of his appointment as 
Commander-in-Chief of the Virginia forces. "He stood right 
there," said Miss Lloyd, pointing to the center of the room, 



"when my sister told him this and asked him wliether he would 
accept the command. He replied that he had not been officially 
notified of the tender and that consequently he had nothing tn 
say on the subject." As he was about to leave to go to Arling- 
ton he started to kiss Mrs. Tabb, but she being an intense rebel 
started back and said: "I won't kiss you. Cousin Robert, unless 
you accept the Command of the Virginia forces." 

The next morning General Lee passed the house, going south, 
on Washington street from Arlington, accompanied by several 
gentlemen. He sat on horseback and waved his hand to the 
house and sent a note in addressed to Mrs. Tabb, on which was 
written: "I shall claim that kiss from my dear cousin." 




Alexandria's Alms House. W. M. Smith. Superintendent 



rr 



Of 



Alexandria' s 'Brewery 




III //^^ "v 'n the j'ear 1862, Robert Portnek, the pioneer brewer of the South, established in Alex- 

-^ "^ atulria, on a very moderate scale, the nucleus of a business which has since 

f,'-ro\vii to nianimoth proportions. It remained exclusivel3' in the hands of 

Mr. Portlier until Maj-, 1883, when the present stock company was or^janized, 

an era from which dates the period of its most rapid expansion and j,'reatest 

/ ^^r^^ > prosperit3'. The present fine plant of the Robert PorTnek Urkwini; Co. 

' ML"m'3k covers the greater portion of four city blocks, about 250,IKX) square feet, and 

all the latest scientific improvements in lirewinff, refrifrerating and bottlinjf 
machinery are applied in its construction. Their hrewinj;- department has a 
capacity' of one hundred thousand barrels and the bottlinf,' department twenty 
million bottles. Their refrifferatinff, power and li^^ht equipment consists of a 
3(K) ton refrifrerating^ and ice-making- plant, 1,2(X) horse-power boiler capacitj-, 
and electric 



V 



engines and 
dynamos of 
l('x) kilowatt 
power. Hav- 
i n g their 
own car 
shop 
which 
build 
repair 



■*-^* 



1 n 

they 

and 

their 



• fine line of refrigerator 

cars, they are enatjled to 
meet promptly the trans- 
portation demands of their various branches through- 
out the country. 

PoRT.NER's Brewery is one of the largest in the State and gives eni- 
plo.vnicfU to more people tlian an>' other concern in the cit.v. employ- 
ing inside of tlie city 109 men and on the road and outside 16S. or a 
totil of 277. DuruiK the j)ast year their pay roll amounted to $68,835.40 
in Alexandria and $71,121.67 outside, or a total of $l.W.9.';7.li7. They 
ship from I.S to 20 cars <laily. The illustration presents only a faint 
idea of these creat buildincs. They manufacture 50 tonsof ice daily. 



|;. 



Indu>trlal Alexandria R.. POKTNKK Ilkl.NVirsii ^;( ). 



M 



The SesqubCentennlal. 



Alexandria ^»ie\\^, 

FBIDAT BVENINQ. OCT. 13 1^9 



LOCAL MATTERS. 



fpHESEgQui CBNTSNNIAL celebratioO' 
of tbe founrling ot Alosnridtis was ft 
succees In ev ty particuUr; hae b?en 
approved bj tbe oommUDity aod has 
bad attaobed tbe 




Offiflial Beal of tbe City of AlexeDdria. 
, /tained an editorial under 



The history of Alexandria 
could not be written properly by 
simply mentioning the fact that on 
the I2th day of October, 1899, the 
people celebrated their- — Sesqui- 
Centennial. The occasion and the 
celebration require more than a 
passing mention, in fact more than 
space permits in this brief sketch. 

Briefly stated, the history of 
the Sesqui-Centennial is given be- 
low, but it was really 

"THE AWAKENING" 

of the good, old city, after a num- 
ber of years 
jf 1 e t h a rgic 
sleep. 

On May 19, 
"The Alexan- 
dria Time s" 
(edited by the 
writer) c o li- 
the caption of 



^\]t ^tjcniiig 



"A City to have water need only 
will it." The statement over the 
Lafayette Arch was an accom- 
plished fact. The prediction of 
Mr. Hallowell was proven true, as 
was the fact given in the above 
paragraph from "The Alexandria 
Times." 

May 27, Mr. M. B. Harlow, 
President, called a meeting of the 
Business Men's League, which 
called a meeting of citizens on 
June 5. This meeting was pre- 
sided over by Mayor George L. 
Simpson. Brief speeches were 
made, and resolutions were adopted 
d e c i d ing to 



toasIjiiiatoB post. 



THE ETtNINO PTiR, THURSDAY. OCTOBER 12. 1889-14 PAOEa 



versary, 
lowing: 



from which I extract the fol- 



"Alexandria can have a great celebration. 
All that is needed is for our merchants and 
citizens to make up their minds to celebrate, 
and the celebration will be an assured fact." 

At that time I did not know that over the 
arch which welcomed Lafayette, in 1824, 
there was an inscription which read: "A 
Nation to be free need only will it," nor 
that in 1850 Benjamin Hallowell, citing the 
above sentence, paraphrased it to read: 





celebrate the 
Sesqui-Centen- 
nial, and t o 
put in motion 
a m o V ement 
for startmg a 
park and erect- 
ing a monument to the memory of George 
Washington. The following Executive Com- 
mittee was selected: M. B. Harlow, C. C. 
Lcadbeater, Wm. A. Smoot, Park Agnew, 
Julian T. Burke, C. C. Carlin, J. M. Hill, 
Charles King, and K. Kemper. This com 
mittee met on June 10 and organized by se 
lecting Mr. Harlow, Chairman, and Mr. 
Carlin, Secretary; Mr. Wm. B. Smoot, 
Cliairman of the Finance Committee; Dr. 
Wm. M. Smith, Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Parade; Worth Hulfish, Chairman of 
the Auxiliary Committee, and Mrs. James 
E. Alexander, Chairman of the Ladies' 
Committee. 

The following General Committee was 



g 




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a 

o 



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1) 



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o n 



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fmir"^ 


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'MMt 




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Mjj^V^^ ... 


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rj^^ ^lu.Hi 








^^r^--:": ': 



organized, composed principally of charmen of the various 
committees: M. B. Harlow, C. C. Carlin, Wm. B. Smoot, Gard- 
ner L. Boothe, Dr. Wm. M. Smith, Capt. J. C. King, George 
R. Hill, John May, E. E. Downham, J. R. N. Curtin, Judge J. K. 
M. Norton, John A. Marshall, Peter Aitcheson, C. C. Lead- 
better, and Alexander 
J. Wedderburn. Mr. 
Harlow was chosen 
Chairman, and Alex- 
ander J. Wedderburn 
Secretary, and for ten 
weeks and until after 
the close of the Sesqui- 
Centenuial was in 
charge of headquar- 
ters. 

The late Hon. John 
F. Rixey and the 
members of the Sen- 
ate and Congress 
from Virginiaa gener 
ally took an active 
part in advancing the 
proposed celebration. 
Mr. Rixey and Mayor 
Simpson, tog ether 
with a large delega- 
tion of the citizens of 
Alexandria, called on 
Secretary of War Root 
and Secretary of the 
Navy Long, urging 
that the Army and 
Navy be properly rep- 
resented at the cele- 
bration. These gentle- 
men, while courteous 
and promising to do 
what they could, were 
probably not in a position to do as much as they desired The 
committee then called upon President McKinley to invite him 
to be present on the occasion. They were met in the most cor- 
dial manner, and while the President stated that he regretted 
that he could not be present, owing to a previous engagement. 




" Sesqui " Parade, Stonewall Jackson band passing headquarters. King and Washington Streets, 



that nothing that lay in his power to add to the proper celebra- 
tion of so great an event would be left undone. 

Just at this moment the door opened and Secretary Root 
entered. The President greeted him warmly, and said: "Root, 
you are just in time to meet these gentlemen from Alexandria, 

and I want you and 
Long to do everything 
that is in the power of 
the Army and Navy to 
add to the success of 
their Scsqui-Centennial 
celebration." With 

such an endorsement, 
from that time on the 
work of the committee 
was comparati vely 
easy. 

The naval forces of 
the United States rep- 
resented at the opening 
of the Sesqui-Centen 
nial on the night of 
October ii were: The 
"Machias," Commander 
L. C. Logan; the Presi- 
dents dispatch boat 
'Dolphin," "Lieut. Com. 
W. H. H. Sutherland, 
and the "M a r i e 1 1 a." 
The latter ship was un- 
der orders to sail for 
the Philippines at sun- 
rise the next morning, 
but she nobly did her 
part in opening the 
Sesqui-Centennial. At 
seven-thirty o' c lo c k 
these war-dogs made a 
most gorgeous display, 
one which no Alexandrian had ever before witnessed. The 
"Machias" lay off Prince street, the "Dolphin" was nearly op- 
posite Duke, and the "Marietta" a little further down the riyer. 
The Dolphin was the central point of a most gorgeous electrical 
display; which was beautifully rendered by all of the ships; 




Industrial Alexandria — The OLD DOMINION GLASS WORKS manufactures glass bottles. It was established nearly six years ago. and has been a success 
from the start. Its officers arc Henry K. Field, President; Geo. H. Schwarzmann. Manager; Lorenzo Wolford. Superintendent, and GeorRC D. Hopkins. Secretary- 
Treasurer. The plant covers nearly six acres, and its daily output is about two car loads. Its specialty is beer and soda bottles, although it makes all kinds, from a 
druggist's vial up. It employs upwards of 350 blowers and moulders, and a large number of boys. The wages paid are the highest, as the glass blower is a skilled 
artist and has the hardest kind of work to perform. 



from the water's edge to top-mast rigging she presented in en- 
chanting beauty an electrical ship. About the center of the ves- 
sel, apparently in mid-air, was an enormous electrical "D" which 
added beauty to the scene. The "Machias" and the "Marietta" 
flashed searchlights in every direction and Night was turned 
to Day. 

The scene was one that pen cannot describe. The two 
remaining ships at twelve o'clock the next day fired the national 
salute in honor of the event, and at night repeated their elec- 
trical and searchlight display. During the firing of the salute 
the City bells were rung and engine whistles were blowing, and 
thousands of people who had gathered at the wharf were wild 
with enthusiasm. 

THANKSGIVING AT ST. MARY'S CHURCH. 

The Rev. Father Richard L. Carne, who for many years 
conducted the celebrated St. John's Academy, having arrived in 
Alexandria the night before, asked leave to celebrate mass in 
St. Mary's Church on the morning of the I2th. He preached a 
sermon from the text, "Unless the Lord keep the city, he watch- 
eth in vain who keepeth it." — Ps. cxxvi:2. He briefly reviewed 
the history of the progress of his church from the Revolution 
to the present time, and concluded with a prayer that the homes 
of the people might still be prosperous and happy, and that from 
them they miglit be translated to a City not made with hands, 
eternal in the Heavens. 

A SPLENDID SCENE. 

From early dawn to long past midnight the city was a 
scene, such as is rarely found in many larger ones. I remember 
that the late Beriah Wilkins, of "The Washington Post," said 
to me: "During my day I have traveled the world over, I have 
seen hundreds of celebrations in all parts of it, but this is the 
most remarkable that I have ever seen. The decorations are not 
only magnificent but they are universal. In driving over Alex 
andria to-day I have noted with interest the beautiful decora- 
tions, but what has astounded me most is the fact that even the 
smallest negro cabin has at least one flag flying from its win- 
dows." 

Probably in the world's history no town was ever more 
thoroughly decorated for an event than was Alexandria on this 
occasion. The people, loyal to the core, had entered into the 



spirit of the occasion, and were determined to leave nothing un- 
done to make it worthy of the great event that was being 
celebrated. 

THE PROCESSION. 

At 2.45 the procession formed on North Washington street 
and moved in close form and quick time along the following 
route: Washington to Fairfax, to Paine, to King, to Fairfax, 
to Prince, to Patrick, to Duke, to Washington, to Franklin, and 
counter-marched to Wolfe, Wolfe to Pitt, Duke to Fairfax, to 
Wikes, to Lee, to King, to Fairfa.x, to Cameron, to Royal, to 
Prince, and disbanded. 

The Pageant extended over two and one-half miles in 
length, and contained five divisions. The first was led by Dr. 
Wm. M. Smith, Chief Marshal; Col. Louis C. Barley, Assistant 
Marshal, with aids, staff; the Mayor and City Council: Execu- 
tive Committee, distinguished guests, including Commissioner 
Wright, of tlie District; Hon. 'Thos. G. Hayes, Mayor-elect of 
Baltimore, Congressman Rixey, Hon. Beriah Wilkins, and 
many others. The United States naval officers. Then 
came the first division Military and Naval, Capt. Jas. E. 
King, Marshal. Second Division, civic organizations, Braxton 
B. Smith, Marshal, including the Improved Order of Red Men 
and the Junior Order of American Mechanics. Third Division, 
labor organizations, E. M. Birrell, Marshal. Washington 
Branch of Pattern Makers League, with float from the Navy 
Yard, over three hundred men in line. Colurnbian Lodge 174 
I. A. M., two hundred men in line. Alexandria glass-blowers. 
Fourth Division. Fire Department, Richard M. Latham, Mar- 
shal and aids; Veteran Associations of Baltimore and Wash- 
ington; Washington Fire Department, Alexandria Fire 
Department. 

Fifth Division, industrial. Chas. B. Paff, Marshal and aids. 
Numerous magnificent floats and displays. 

In summing up the event, "The Washington Post" of the 
13th says: 

"The line of march was one solid mass of shouting, cheer- 
ing, and rejoicing humanity, waving flags, banners, hats, an^I 
canes, and giving unlimited expression to the.ir feelings of joy. 
Cheer after cheer pierced the air as troop after troop of soldiers 
passed, and the marines and sailors came in for lusty and long 



ii 



3 £ 

Q.5. 



2;; 







rounds of applause, while praise was lib- 
erally bestowed upon the various civic 9r- 
ganizations. From the street, from win- 
dows, and housetops, the citizens viewed 
the brilliant pageant and endorsed it as the 
greatest spectacular exhibition which the 
old town had ever attempted. 

"At Washington and Prince streets the 
procession passed through the grand court 
of honor, and beneath the shadow of the 
Confederate Monument. Tall and stately 

columns arose on either side of the two 

streets, and these were gady decorated 

with a profusion of flags, red, white, and 

blue bunting, and appropriate draperies. 

Each passing organization gave its salute 

to the mute figure typical of the vanquished 

soldier. The pedestal of the monunient 

was draped in the national colors, while 

from the arches which surrounded it float- 
ed the emblem of the reunitel country. 

NIGHT PARADE. 

"The parade formed on Fairfax and 
King streets at 7.30; moved from Fairfa.x to 
Queen, to Royal, to King, to Washington, 
to Oronoco, and counter-marched to Cam- 
eron, to Alfred, to King, to Paine, to Prince, 
to Washington, to Franklin; counter- 
marched to Wolfe, to St. Asaph, to Duke, 
to Pitt, to Prince, to Fairfax, to Duke, to 
Royal, and disbanded . Capt. Jas. E, 
King, Marshal, Alexandria Light Infantry, 
300 masqueraders." 

"The Baltimore Sun" of the 13th says: 

"All the climes of the earth seem to have contributed to the 
grotesque company. 

"The finest spectacle of the line came next, the Ancient Or- 
der of Hibernians: headed by a float showing George Washington 
and his Irish aide. Colonel Fitzgerald Mayor of Alexandria n 
1787 Each Hibernian in line carried a fairy lamp and the Streets 




Sesqui " Parade, King and Pitl Streets 



14 historical floats. 



glittered with light as they moved. Floats 
followed, illustrating the history of Alexan 
dria from the Indian Conquest, Washington 
laying out Alexandria, the old Washington 
school-house, endowed by him, Alexandria s 
reception to Lafayette, etc. 

The Alexandria Gazette said: 
"Each organization in line presented a 
most creditable appearance. Nothing 
seemed to have been left undone which 
could in the least have added to the interest 
of the occasion." 

I reproduce a few cuts from the His- 
tory of the Sesqui-Centennial Book, pub- 
lished in 1899, to show something of the 
great gathering that was held in our City, 
two of them being scenes taken from the 
parade as it passed down King street, and 
three others being cartoons taken from 
"The Alexandria Gazette," "The Washing- 
ton Post," and "The Washington Evening 
Star-" all of them showing the great ap- 
preciation in which our old city was held by 
Ihese leading papers on the day when she 
celebrated her 150th anniversary. 

Two other cuts are shown, Swann 
r.rothers' new building, in full decoration, 
ind Mr Desmond's float, as it appeared in 
the parade; only Mr. Desmond was in the 
driver's seat instead of the corner. 

The close of the "Sesqui" brought 
HOPE to the people of the Old City, and at once there be- 
?an a systematic eflort to UNITE and the result was a natural 
one, for unity brings strength and success. 

•a „t, t,a= been said of this event and its results and we 
Enough has .been saia 01 uiib industrial Pro- 

"'" "^ofX good dPytLth^ime is destined to be one of the 
gression .°f he good uty ^ ^^^ ^,^„^ because of its 

greatest '"dustrml centers 01 proximity to Washington, 

^;;:i"to\h'elor:;fe"'res"id'nce"o?the grlat matr ^ho,e name that 
city bears. 



BELLE PRE 
BOTTLE COMPANY. 




Industrial Alexandria. 

The Belle Pre Bottle 
Company, established 1902. 
IS officered as follows: Ed- 
win L. C. Cockrell, Presi- 
dent; F. R. Horner, Vice- 
President,- E. A. Thompson, 
Secretary-Treasurer, and C. 
S. Bassett, Manager. The 
Belle Pre is the largest 
milk bottle factory in the 
world, and is devoted exclu- 
sively to the manufacture of 
milk bottles. The plant 
covers over six .Teres and 
produces 1,000,000 bottles 
Tionthly employing 250 men. 
They also sell all kinds of 
dairy and creamery sup- 
plies, and require over 3 - 
000,000 feet of lumber year- 
ly to box their output, to 
produce which they operate 
two saw mills. 



Industrial Alexandria— LARGEST MILK BOTTLE FACTORY IN THE WORLD. 



Corporation of Alexandria 



OFFICIALS, 1907.— Mayor, Fred. J. Pafif ; Auditor, E. F Price, Cor- 
poration Attorned Samuel P. Fisher; Treasurer, Thos W. Rob.nson ; Col- 
noration nitorney, odn.uc. Pniice Justice Harry B. Caton ; Comrrussioner 

o"Rev?nu''e!'chas'^H.- Cal™hr„; olrk J^cS'johrrjB Waller ; Superintendent 
o Gas!F M iTatham; Superintendent of Schools, K. Kemper ; Chief of Police, 
Charles T. Goods; Clerk of Council D. R, Stansbury; Cle"''' Board of Alder- 
men, L. H. Thompson; Janitor of Municipal Building W. L. Craven. Mes 
ienger, J. B. Laphan ; Keeper of the Poor House, Wra. M. Smith, Chief 
Fire Department, Geo. W. Petty. 



Fred Birrill, Robert Monroe; Fourth Ward, L. E. Uhler, Frank C. Spinks. 
Jr., Chas. B. Marshall, and Frank T. Evans, the latter gentleman being the 
only Republican connected with the City Government. 

We regret being unable to secure portraits of all the members of Council. 

THE COURTS. Circuit, Judge L. C. Barley Acting; N. S. Greenaway, 
Clerk. Corporation, Judge L. C. Barley; N. S. Greenaway, Clerk; b.O. 
Brent, Commonwealth's Attorney; Robt. H. Cox, City Sergeant United 
States Circuit and District Courts, Judge, Edmund Waddill ; R. P. Oarnett, 
Clerk. 




Residence of Frank M. Hill 

THE CITY COUNCIL is composed of two Boards, The Aldermen and 
Council- J R. N. Curtin is President of the Aldermen, and Hubert Snowden 
Presidetlt of Council. The Aldermen is composed, of two members from each 
ward and Council of four, as follows : Aldermen First Ward, J. M Hdh Jacob 
Brill; Second Ward, Frank F. Marbury, W. W. Ballenger ; Third Ward, J. 
R N Curtin, H. K. Field ; Fourth Ward, W. H. Sweeney and C. J. W. Sum- 

"'"Counlil. 'First' Ward'. Hubert Snowden, H. R. Burke, T. L Rishieh Ed. S. 
T -jv.«,t„,;. <;pronH Ward Henry Baader, Henry Straus, Louts W. Brill, 
J-ulUnT'waSs; Third Wari! W. H. Helmlath, John T. Harrison, J. 




:io(o l>wi<e 



Residence of Alderman Jacob Brill 

SCHOOL BOARD— Herbert Bryant, Chairman; Hubert Snowden, Clerk; 
K. Kemper, Superintendent. . j < ,-■ 117 j 

THE FIRE DEPARTMENT consists of a Board of Fire Wardens, one 
from each Ward, and the Chief. The City owns three first class steam 
engines, and has two volunteer fire companies and a hook and ladder company. 

'^^HE FRIENDSHIP FIRE COMPANY is a veteran organization, with 
ex-Mayor E E Downham at its head. It owns its old engine, which is one of 
the curiosities of the City. Washington belonged to this company. The De- 
partment is one of the best in the State, and with the r tceptions of the en- 



gincers and drivers, is purely volunteer. Wardens, Wm. H. Melchior, H. A. 
Downhani, M. I,. Rishiel and Courtney Acton. 

I present illustrations of each of our fire engines, manned and starting 
from tficir engine houses. All of the houses being the property of the city, 
as well as the apparatus, excepting that of the Old Friendship. 



beater; Engineer, Noble T. Smith; Engine Driver, Henry Posey; Hose Cart 
Driver, Stephen Taylor. 

RELIEF HOOK AND LADDER CO.— Organized 1867. Officers, J. H. 
Trimver. President; Claud L. Pickens, First Vice-President; J. B. Griffin, Sec- 
ond V'^ice-Presideni ; Wm. A. Jolly. Secretary; Geo. Ward, Kecorder; G. M. 




German Lutheran Church 



RELIANCE STEAM FIRE CO No. 5.— President, L. E. Uhler- First 
Vice-President, Thos. W. Robinson; Second Vice-President, J. R. N. Curlin ; 
Secretary Frank Pollard ; Treasurer, W. li. Bontz, Jr. ; Engineer, Wm. H. 
Bonlz ; Engine Driver, Julian Ballenger ; Hose Cart Driver, Andrew Sullivan. 

COLUMBIA STEAM FIRE CO.— President, Wm. A. Smoot ; First Vice- 
President, George Uhlcr: Second Vice-President, Wm. H. Griffith; Secretary, 
N. Trcakic ; Assistant Secretary, Charles Herbert ; Treasurer, John Lead- 



^1 






Christ Church Parsonage 

Former home of "Light Horse Harry" and 

his son Robt. H. Lee. 

Myers, Treasurer; R. M. Latham, Captain; John E. Clandore, Driver. 

It will be seen that among the officers of our Fire Companies that there 
are to be found the best men in the city, showing that no matter how rich, 
how prosperous, how exalted in politics or business, that the lesson taught by 
WASHINGTON on that December morning, just before his death, has never 
been forgotten, and that our best citizens understand full well that the DUTY 
of the citizen is to take part in "times like this," viz.: Fire. 



^OUTH FRONT 



^^•^sy*; 



tuuu 




BIRDSEYE VIEW OF RIVER FRONT FROM KING STREET SOUTH. 



l^esidential Alexandria. 



The; city of Alexandria presents rare attractions as a resi- 
dential city. It is one of the healthiest in the United States. 
The water is excellent, rents reasonable and the society cannot 
be excelled in the world. 
As a home for t^ersons of small means there is no town in 
the United States, with its proximity to a great and magnificent 
city like the Capital of the Nation, where any person can live 
as reasonably. Persons wishing to own their own homes can 
do so by making a small cash payment and then, with the aid of_ the various 
Building Associations (which will be found ready to lend a helping hand to 
those worthy of such assistance), by small monthly payments, not exceeding 
a reasonable rent, in a few years they can own their homes. 

The three main questions asked in regard to a location are: What is its 
Health, its Water, and its Social and Educational conditions. To all of 
these questions Alexandria can render satisfactory answers. 

Its Water cannot be surpassed for sweetness and purity. Its Health com- 
pares favorably with any town of its size. Its Society is of the best char- 
acter. Its Churches and Schools are unsurjiassed* by any city in \'irginia, 
and that says much. Its proximity to Washmgton City gives double advant- 
ages from an educational standpoint, as well as affording ample means of 
recreation along all lines, from a view of Congress to the Zoo. The water is 
protected for all time by the fact that the Water Company have recently 
purchased large tracts of land on their water shed in Fairfax County, thus 
preserving the purity of their water, 

EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES. 

In the beginning the people of this locality were believers in Schools, as 
is proven by the fact that only NINK YEARS after the hamlet of Belhaven 
was founded, that in 1739 a school was started, and from that date to the 
present, Alexandria has ever been in the lead as a centre of culture and 
education. In 1785 the old Lancasterian School-house was built. In 1817 
the New School -house, endowed by Washington, was built and the corner- 
stone laid with Masonic honors by Alexandria- Washington Lodge, No. 22 
(p. 8). 

The private Schools of Alexandria have always been noted for their 
excellence. That of Benjamin Hallo well having a world-wide reputation. 
While in a great measure these old schools have given way to the modern 




COLROSS MANSION, a splendid Colonial building occupying a square, 

with garden and grounds. Home of Capt. William A. Smoot, 

built 1799 by Jonathan Swift, sold to Lee Massie Alexander, 

then to Jud^e John Thompson Mason, in 1837, and sold 

by his heirs in 1S84 to the present owner, whose 

wife is a great grand-daughter of Alexander. 





^3f^j>^ 




NORTH FRONT 



EIRDSEYE VIEW OF RIVER FRONT FROM KING STREET NORTH. 



^L 





Home of C. C. Leadbcalcr, President E. S. Leadbcater & Sons, Ini 
on Washington Street. Former home of General M. D. Course, of 
Picket's Division and Captain Mexican War Company, from 
Alexandria. 



ResiJcncc of Mr. Ed. L. Damt;er field. Picsident Citizens National Bank, 
Washington and Duke Streets. 




1 1^ ■■>. 



Councilman's Frank C. Spinks Home, 1448 Duke Street. Hon. Park Agnew's Home, South 8t. A^iaph Street. 

Residential Alexandria— FOUR FINE RESIDENCES OWNED BY LEADING AND PROGRESSIVE MEN. 



Pree Schools, still there exists first class private institutions in and near our 
City, notably the Old Hallowell School, conducted by Prof. Blackburn, for 
Boys; St. Mary's Academy for Girls; the Parochial School of St. Mary's 
Church, conducted by the Sisters of the Holy Cross (see illustration) ; the 
Episcopal High School, the Theological Seminary, the Kindergarten, and 
several other smaller schools, all excellent. 

Under the former and present State Constitution twenty per cent of all 
/ taxes assessed and collected has to be devoted to the School Fund, and in ad- 
dition, under the New Constitution, all of the poll tax ($1.50 for each voter) 
has to be used for School purposes. For the School year 1905-6, $21,798.02 



pleasure to present our readers with a view of the old Lancasterian School 
and of the present day Washington School. Also the Lee School for Girls, 
and a couple of Colored Schools, all of which are conducted under the Free 
School System of Alexandria. St. Mary's Academy, conducted by the Sisters 
of the Holy Cross, is one of the institutions of our City. The Sisters have 
secured a most admirable location on Prince and Columbus streets, upon 
which they have erected a beautiful and up-to-date school building, which we 
have no doubt is equal to any other institution of its kind in the world. 

On Seminary Hill is the Episcopal High School, conducted by Prof. L. 
M Blankford, which is one of the most advanced institutions for the educa- 






Judge J. K. M. Norton's Residence, Prince and _Wash- 
ington Streets, decorated for the "Sesqui." 



Residence Alderman J. M. 
Prince Street. 



was expended by the Board; 1,852 children were taught, 658 of which were 
negroes. Twenty-four white and twelve colored teachers were employed. 

During his life General Washington contributed 50 pounds annually to 
the support of the Lancasterian School and in his will donated $4,000 for the 
same purpose. Mrs. Washington followed her illustrious husband's example, 
and left a legacy tor a Girls School, from which has arisen The Lee Girls' 
School. , ■ . 

In speaking of distinguished educators of Alexandria it would be an in- 
justice not to mention among them J. King Shay, K. Kemper, Father Richard 
'" ■ " and Miss Powell, Miss Roach and among those 



L. Carne, Miss Garbcr, Mr. 

of the present day. Professor Ficklin, of Washington School. 



It affords us 



Col. Wagar's "Colonial Flats," old 
St. Mary's modernized. North 
Fairfax Street. 



tion of young men in the United States, and at the same place is located the 
'Theological Seminary of the Episcopal Church. 

The Episcopal High School, founded in 1839, is, with one exception, the 
oldest school for boys under the auspices of the Episcopal Church in the 
United States. Its head masters previous to 1S61 were the Revs. Wm. N. 
Pendleton, E. A. Dalrymple, and J. P. McGuire. It was closed froin 1861 
to 1866, when the Rev. W. F. Gardner took charge. He was succeeded m 
1S70 by Dr. L. M. Blackford, M. A., the present Principal. The school has 
long been one of the most successful in Virginia. 

Thus it can be seen that parties desiring a place of residence can find no 
location in the United States that could possibly excel Alexandria. 



Charles J. Goodfcllow, Manager. 



Fergus McCusker, AsB*t Manager. 




Main irliiirai.cc lo A.cxaiiutia'b Great 
Resort. 



Reached by 

Washington, 
Alexannria and 
Mt. Vernon 
Railroad Co. 



.uM PARK 




■'Z.\ 




Twelfth and Pa. Ave.. 

Washington. D. C, or 

Alexandria, Va. 




Dance Pavilion and Roller Rink. 



The Lagoon from Chute Tower and Maryland in the Distance. 



VIEWS FROM LUNA PARK, ALEXANDRIA CO., VIRGINIA. 
A Virginia Resort of Relaxation. Fun and Joy for the Nation's Capital. Alexandria and Visitors. 



Industrial 



Alexandria came out of the war 
owing a very large debt, contracted 
by assisting in building the railroads 
leading into the city and for the Al 
exandria and the Chesapeake & Ohio 
Canals. The stock in the Orange and 
Alexandria Railroad was sold to the 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad for 
fiQO.ooo. This, together with a few 
icres of land realized from the Alex- 
andria Canal, was about all that 
Alexandria had to show for her in- 
vestment. The money received from 
the B. & O. was devoted to rebuilding 
the Market House, after the fire of 
'"71," and the rental was turned over 
to the Commissioners of the 
Sinking fund, to be devoted to 
the liquidation of the city's in- 
debtedness. 

In 1902 a bond issue was 
authorized by vote of the peo- 
ple for $50,000 to improve the 
streets. $20,000 of this was 
loaned the Gas Works to re- 
build, and to relay the worn out 
mains. Including this debt, the 
Auditor's report for 1906 shows 
a total bonded indebtedness of 
$844,800. Since that time, $35, 
000 of the indebtedness has been 
liquidated by payment and can- 
celation of bonds, making a total 
net indebtedness of the city 
$809,800 against which the Aud- 
itor's, in his report, claims the 
following assets: 

City Gas Works ...... .$180,000 

Market House 60,000 




Alexandria. 



Fish tow II. 




Alc-^aiuhia Gas Works- 



Peabody School Bldg 14,000 

Washington School Bldg.... 12,000 

P'riendship Engine House.... 10,000 

Columbia Engine House S,ooo 

Royal St. Engine House 1,000 

Reliance Co. Engine House.. 5,000 

Relief Truck House 2,000 

City Jail 7,000 

Fish Wharf 10,000 

Canal Lot 8,000 

Poor House 8,000 

Com'r Sinking Fund 9,200 



Making a total of $322,200, which 
would show apparently liabilities 
over assets of $487,600. This appar- 
ent showing while creditable to 
the conservatism of the city 
authorities, is really unjust to 
the city of Alexandria. The in- 
terest paid by the city is only 
3 per cent, and the rental re- 
ceived from the market house 
for the year ending June i, 
1906, was $3,373.12, which capi- 
talized at 3 per cent would 
show the market house to be 
worth $109,104, instead of $60,- 
000, as sliown by the Auditor's 
report. In addition to this, 
the Court House and Council 
Chamber, State and city of- 
ficials, police department, to- 
gether with the jail and police 
court room, are all housed in 
the same building. It will, 
therefore, be seen by this that 
the property is worth over 
$100,000. Again, turning to the 
value of Gas Works, estimated 



WASHINGTON. ALEXANDRIA AND MT. VERNON RAILROAD. 



C. P. King. 

Prcsident- 

H. H. Pearson. 

Vice-President. 

J. W. Pitlock, 

Scc'y and Treas. 

Jos. Colvin, 

Supt. 

Transported 
during 1906. I,- 
743.734 - passen- 
gers between 
Washington and 
Alexandria. 

Runs q; trains 
daily, both ways, 
between the two 
cities. 




Alexandria County Power House, Four-Mile Run. and Car Yard 
Extra power house at New Alexandria, Fairfax County. 



Only Electric Road to Mt Vernon and Alexandria from Washington. 



by the Auditor at $180,- 
000, it will be found from 
the report from the 
Clerk of Gas that the to- 
tal cost of the works is 
$189,789.89. The city, 
(luring the fiscal year, 
consumed in p u b J i c 
schools, h o s p it a 1 s, 
churches, street lamps, 
armory, engine houses, 
library, etc., $7,373-8o 
worth of gas, allowing .1 
discount of $.10 per i.oon 
feet. During the fiscal 
year the Gas Works not 
only paid their own ex- 
penses and donated to 
the city the above, but 
added to construction 
$4,420.00, and transferred 
to the general fund of 
the city $10,000 in cash, 
and had a balance of 
$378.92 to their credit. 
The report of Expert 
Examiner James Bayne, 
shows all the value of 
[he Gas Works, as shown 
by the net earnings, cal- 
cul.ited at 6 per cent., 
upon the valuations to 
be $428,762.83. In addi- 
tion to this the school 
and engine property and 
the engines themselves, 
which belong to the city, 
are unvalued by the re- 
port. I am thoroughly 
convinced that the prop- 
erty belonging to the 
city, if sold, would wipe 
out the entire indebted- 
ness. 




Axelandria Gazette. estabUshed 17»+. Hubert Snowden, Editor. 



Property values are 
increasing, and the net 
revenue of the city is 
being added to every 
year, while permanent 
improvements of streets 
and sewers are being 
done steadily and con- 
servatively, yet rapidly. 

Alexandria Newspapers. 

Alexandria has one 
daily, "The Gazette," and 
one weekly, "The Sun- 
day Times," and two 
weekly papers, owned 
and edited by colored 
men. 

The Alexandria "Ga- 
ette," as shown by the 
court records of this 
city, was published as 
early as 1784, when the 
Court directed that an 
order of publication be 
published therein It is 
believed that Mr. Samuel 
Snowden was among the 
original founders of the 
paper. In the year "1800, 
he purchased the inter 
ests of all other persons, 
and from that time to 
the present the paper 
has been published con- 
tinuously by himself and 
his descendants. He was 
succeeded in the early 
part of the 19th century 
by his son, the late Ed- 
gar Snowden, who was 
succeeded by his son 
Edgar Snowden, who 




was succeerled in turn by his brother, Dr. IlaroM Snowtkn, and he 
was succeeded by the present editor, another brother, Hubert 
Snowdcn. The "Gazette" is probably the oldest paper in the 
South. 

The Alexandria "Sunday Times" is a successor of the "Daily 
Times," and was established in 1890. It was published by sev- 
eral parties, but since 1899 ft has been continuously edited by its 
present owner. 



E. Knight's handsome new Stationery. Toy. and Souvenir stores. 
Nos. 621-3-5 King Street. 



WASHINGTON MONUMENT ASSOCIATION -In presenting the pic- 
ture (see cover) of the proposed Monument to Washington as a Citizen, refer- 
ence is made to the statement that precedes this showing the date and pur- 
pose of the organization. As many patriotic people, from all parts of the world, 
will doubtless read this book, it is not out of place to ask their assistance in 
erecting this, the only monument to Washington as a Citizen in his home 
town. As a matter of course, Alexandria, unaided, cannot build this Monu- 
ment; and the patriotic sentiment of our countrymen would not be willing 
that the old city shoidd, alone, do this patriotic work were it able. The Fed- 
eral Congress has recognized that the matter is National in character and 
importance, and has passed a bill which has been approved by President Roose- 
velt, that entitles the Association erecting this great work to 200,000 medal- 
lions cast in bronze, at the Philadelphia Mint, which medallions arc repro- 
duced in our drawing. They show the four sides of the pedestal to the 
Monument, each presenting Washington in a civic capacity, a caiiacity in 
which every American most admires the real Washington. These medallions 
are true works of art, the best ever produced from the riiiladelpliia Mint, an 
institution noted for its magnificent work. Kach medallion has to pass through 
sixteen hands, and over a half-dozen fires; each cost L'ncle Sam more than the 
.\ssocialion charges for them. Kvery citizen and every foreigner who admires 
the great Washington should contribute their "mite" toward this Monument 
to Washington the Citizen. The medallions can be had for $2.00 for a set of 
tive. showing the Head (which is on all), and the four sides of the pedestal as 
jiroi'oscd, representing Washington as a Mason, Master of the Old Lodge; as 
a Fireman, a member of Friendship Co. ; as a Surveyor, locating the Great 
.Vorlhwcsl. and laying out (as a boy) Alexandria, and last, but by no means 
least, as the C.roatesi Farmer of his day. S«ch is the Washington that the 
people of his borne (own desire to commemorate, and ask the people of the 
I'nion that he helped found to aid them in doing it in a manner commensur- 
ate with the man they wish to honor. Kor do they ask this without contrib- 
uting something in exchange for, for every dime contributed they propose 
giving a quid pro quo in the shape of one or mure of the splendid W'ash- 
ington Memorial Souvenirs, one of the medallions, the only souvenir that has 
been authorized by Congress. These medallions can be had at this office, or 
the Souvenir stands of Alexan«iiia or Washington, at Washington Lodge Room, 
or from the Washington Monument Association, Alexandria, Va., at the low 
price of 50 cents, or five for $2.00. 



THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 

The Chamber of Commerce was organized 
October, 1906, with the following officers: Presi- 
dent, W. A. Smoot, Jr. ; Vice-President, J. T. John- 
son ; Secretary and Treasurer, J. T. Preston. 
The organization meets monthly on the second 
Thursday. The Executive Committee is com- 
posed of A. D. Brockett, G. S. French, F. S. 
Harper, G. D. Hopkins, and M. F. King. The 
Board of Directors is composed of the above 
gentlemen and Messrs. John Leadbeater, T. C. 
bmith, F. Bendheim, Chas. King, W. A. Smoot, 
Jr., Julian V. Williams, Harry Hammond, J. M. 
Hill, J. T. Johnson, H. Kirk, Jr., and Wm. B. 
Smoot. It has been actively at work since its 
organization and has done mucli to advance the 
progressive movement in the city and aided mate- 
rially in securing several factories and in inter- 
esting others in locating here. 

It would have been almost impossible for any 
one man or for any one organization to have se- 
cured the entire confidence of any community in 
the short space intervening between last Octo- 
ber and the present time, so thoroughly as to 
have gotten all of the varied business interests 
to have placed in their hands confidential figures 
and facts concerning their individual business, and 
Secretary Preston is to be congratulated upon 
the following showing of figures that he has 
kindly afforded us the opportunity of extracting 
from. 

Summary of Business in Alexandria for 1906. 

These figures are by no means complete as 
numerous firms and companies failed to respond 
to the Secretary's request for information, and 
others stated that they only sent approximate 
figures. The totals are, therefore, I believe, 
MUCH below the real business done, but the 
showing is most creditable to Alexandria. While 
a nnmlier of reports are lacking the industric 
reported show the following: 

Capital invested $5,401,080.00 

Business done, igo6 12,476,605.00 

Number of men employed 2,072 

Women employed 240 

Boys 291 

Girls 79 

It will be seen that Alexandria is not much given ta employinj 
and that few of its women have to do men's work. The amount o 




United States Government Building, Post-Othce and Court House. Thos. Burroughs, Post Master. 



: child-labor, 
wages paid 



was $^,226,958. Thus -showing an annual average 
man and child employed, or a wage rate of over 



of $457-47 
$38.00 per 



for each man, wo- 
capita per month. 



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Wholesale and Retail Hardware — W. E. BAIN. King and Royal, does 
an extensive business both in the city, county, and Washington. 



Wholesale Grocers— H. KIRK, JR. & SON. Union and Strand, do 
a large and flourishing business. 




Wholesale Orocer — rK/^iMr>. li. iiAkf'ck. Kni]^ dun Union Streets, 
does a very large trade in the counties, Maryland and the District of 
Columbia. Keeps constantly a large number of men and teams. 

Industrial Alexandria— WHOLESALE HOUSES. 




Wholesale Grocers— N. LINDSAY & CO.. King and Union Streets, 
Jas. M. Willis, manager, are constantly increasing their large trade. 
Four Leading Business Houses in Grocery and Hardware. 



Alexandria Harbor. 

Receipts, 190,661 tons Value, $t,890,S45-o° 

Shipments, 87,768 tons Value, 1,226.106.00 

278,429 tons Value 2,116,651.00 

During 1906, the six steam lines, including the ferry, running into Alex- 
andria, made 8,462 calls at the port. Steam vessels reported as follows: 
Drawing over 16 feet, 334; 10 to 16 feet, 6,182; less than 10 feet, 4,552; sail- 
ing vessels, 16 or more feet, 91; 10 to 16 feet, 77; less than 10 lect, 698. 

I'ar.crs. etc., 539, or a totnl or 12,473. 



Passengers Carried — Over Washington, Alexandria and &Iount Vernon 
Electric Road, 1,784,617. River report, 504,975. From Union Station, 
: 0,000. 




CUCTIS WAS'BOR«: 




ABINGDON. Alexandria County, in full view of Electric Railroad. Birthplace of Nellie Custis, Mrs. 
Wash inn ton's dauKhter. Abingdon v/as sold by Gerard Alexander to Park Custis {the first husband of 
Mrs. Washington), who built the old house. General Washington adopted Nellie Custis and raised her 
as his daughter. 



A LEADING RETAIL DRUG- 
GIST. 
Alexandria Druggists are cntcr- 
prizlng and wide-awake; do a good 
business and make money. We 
present the store of Mr. Claude M. 
Lcnr.on, one of the most active and 
pushing of Alexandria's young 
business men. In addition to his 
large retail trade he manufactures 
a number of fine proprietary for- 
mulas at No. 604 King Street. 




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Banking Faculties 



ONK OK THK MOST IMPORTANT matters to be 
considered by a business man, in selecting a locat- 
ion to do business, is what are tlie opportunities 
for financial accommodation. In answerini; this 
question, so far as Alexandria isconcerneil. we take 
pleasure in stating that the banking facilities of the city are not 
only ample, but thatno worthy man need hesitate to start here 
on this account. Our banks have ample capital and are 
most liberal in the way of acconiniodalion. We have in the 
past few years added two lar>;e institutions of this character, 
and two splendid banking houses have been erected and two 
others have been remodeled and fitted up in the most ap- 
proved modern pattern. We give illustrations of all and a 
statement of their con<lilion at the last report. 

The First National 

The First National, as its name indicates, is the oldest 
National bank in the city, an<l among the oldest in the 
country. The late Lewis McKen/.ie was its first President, 
and Mr. Chas. R. Hooff its first Cashier, which position he held 
for many years, until elected President, a few years since. 
He has not only been continuously connected with the I'irst 
National, from its foundation, but was and is one of the 
leading financiers of the State. 

The officers of the Bank are Chas. R. Hooff, President ; 
Jas. V. Muir, Vice-President; George Iv. Warfielil, Cashier. 
The President and Vice-President, together with Messrs. 
M. B. Harlow, Gardner L. Boothe, and B. Bear, Jr., are the 
Directors. The report for March, 1907, shows the Bank 
to have a csipital of $100,000. surplus ami net profits, 
$170,035.05; circulation, $100,000; deposits, >663,146.70. 
Deposits, ?51,799,72, and other liabilities of 53,049.54, or a 
total of ,fl,OS8,031.01, with assets to offset as follows: Loans 
and discounts, 5705,721.84 ; U. S. Bon<ls, .S152,O00; premium 
on Ix)nds, 53, 0<K1; banking house {.see illustration) 510,000; 
cash and reserve, 5212,309.17; five per cent redemption. 
55,000. Total of 51,088, 31.01. This bank has withstood 
EVERY PANIC and has aide<l its customers to withstand 
theirs. 




i-ir-' N 1: inal Bank, Lee and Prinn 



The Citizens National Bank showed that the capital of this institution was $100,000 ; 

The Citizens National Bank is one of the oldest banks surplus, $100,000, and deposits, $600,000. The officers 

in the city and its new bank building on King and St. are Ed. L. Daingerfield, President; W. H. Lambert, 



Asaph Streets, proves 
that it is a modem, 
as well as a safe in- 
stitution. Speaking 
of safes, the safety- 
deposit vaults of this 
bank are wonders in 
their way ; and not 
only artistic, but per- 
fectly safe ; they were 
manufactured by the 
York Safe Company. 
On May 2 0th 
the bank reports 




National Bank, King and St. Asaph Streets. 



and Carroll Pierce, 
A'ice-Presiden ts; 
Robt. M. Green, 
Cashier; E. 1\. Payne, 
A.ss't Cashier. The 
Directors are Ed- 
ward L. Daingerfield, 
W. H. Lambert, 
Worth Hnlfi.sh, M. 
A. Ahearn, and Car- 
roll Pierce. The Sav- 
ings Department 
pays interest at 3 
per cent on deposits. 



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Alexandria 

National 

Bank 

Alexandria National Bank, King and 
Royal streets. Its motto is 

' ' Judge a bank by 
the men back of it. " 

Its officers are : 

Judge Chas. E. Nicliol, President 

Wm. B. Smoot 

Russell Smith, and 

John A. Marshall, Vice-Presidents 

T. C. Smith, Cashier, who, with 

W. A. Smoot 

J. W. Roberts 

A. H. Rector 

W. A. Smoot, Jr. 

E. h. Cockerell 

C. C. Carlin 

P. F. Gorman 

Ivewis P. Summers 

W. S. Andrews, and 

Ed. G. Portner, form its Directors. 

This is a new Bank, but its success is proven 
by the following : 

It began business March 9, 1904. 
Comp.a.r.\tivb; Growth in Deposits 
May 20th, 1904 . . . |113,018.65 
May 20th, 1905 . . . 249.645.55 
May 20th, 1906 . . . 308,339.04 
May 20th, 1907 . . . 442,113.48 




Burke Sr Herbert. 

The Banking House of Burke & Herbert <lo a Reneral banking business, 
receiving deposits SUBJECT TO CHECK AT SICHT, AND NONE HAVE 
EVER BEEN TURNED DOWN. Do a iliscount and general Bank Loan Busi- 
ness. Collect all domestic and foreign business. Mr. John W. Burke is head 
of the firm. It invites all accounts and accommodates its customers. 




Splendid rr.oilern residence o( Captain 

Herbert Bryant. North Washington 

Street. 




E. GOLDSMITH, Outfitter. King and Lee streets, 
does a lar^e and extensive wholesale and retail business in 
this line outside as well as in the city. 




MERCANTILE RAILWAY BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATION - 
Lewis HoofE, Secretary and General Manager, Prince and Fairfax streets. 



THE NEW HOTEL RAMMEL, conducted by Messrs. Ernest and Wil- 
liam Rammel, two young men raised to the business, who thoroughly under- 
stand their work. 



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ALEXANDRIA'S TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES— One. if not the 
6rst question, of importance to him who seeks a business or manufacturing lo- 
cation is that of transportation. And in this respect Alexandria comes fully 
up lo the standard both in water and rail connection wilh the world at large. 

The illustration given of the immense Potomac Yards, and of the river 
front speak plainer than words of mine in reRard to Alexandria in this re- 
spect, were they not supplemented by the figures also shown. 

The city is connected directly by rail wilh all points North, South, East 
and West, by the following great lines of roads : The Pennsylvania, Balti- 
more & Ohio, the Southern, three branches leading from the city (the main 
line, the Manassas and Blucmonl divisions). This road also has large work 



in the neighborhood of $ioc,ooo. Hundreds of cars are loaded and unloaded 
on Union street, and at Blucmont depot on Princess street. 




Bryant Fertilizer Co.. Herbert Bryant. President: Wni. Bryant. Secretary. 
Manufacture 1500 car loads of Fertilizer annually 

shops and round houses here; the Chesajieake & Ohio, the Norfolk & Wes- 
tern, the Washington-Southern, the Atlantic Coast Line and the Seaboard Air 
Line. It is connected with Washington and Mt. X'ernon by ihc Washington, 
Alexandria and Mt. Vernon Electric Railroad, and with Washington by Ferrv. 
Daily line of steamers, connect with Norfolk, where connections are made 
for all points in or out of the country. A steamer is run daily to Mount \'cr- 
non, there are two lines to Baltimore, and also a special river route line. 
Something of the immense Ijusincss done on the wharf is shown in the fip- 
urcs re^^orled. It is regret able that figures arc not at present attainable in 
connection with the railroad traffic. The Washington Southern and its al- 
lied lines have built a handsome I'nion depot at the head of King street, which 
can be seen in an illustration (Birdscyc view from Suter*s Hill), that cost 





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BAKERI ES — Alexandria boasts of its bakeries. There arc several that have 
in the past and prcjcnt cnrncH a just reputation for the excellency of the "Staff of 
Life" that they furnish, but none have gained n better or more deserved reputation 
than the CORBY BROTHERS STEAM BAKERY, who succeeded the Alexandria 
Steam Bread Bakery, on N. Lcc street. This enterprising 6rm have bakeries both 
in Washington and Alexandria and do an immense busmess. It is claimed that 
they are the largest bread shippers in the United States. The Alexandria branch, 
under the excellent management of Supt. Wm. Jorg, employs 25 hands and uses 
8 teams; and has a lart^c weekly pay roll and an annual output of 2,400,000 loaves, 
which is larger than any city of the same size in the country. 

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES— Alexandria ofTcrs the industrious, in- 
telligent man who understands his business, advantages that cannot be ex- 
celled in any other city in the State. Its transportation facilities are not ex- 
ceeded in any town in N'irginia, its proximity to Washington makes it desir- 
able for all kinds of business connected with the supplies that are needed by 
the Government, its light State taxes (40 cents on the hundred), its exemption 



from Corporation taxes on manufactures and plants for a period of ten 
years» its health, fine water, and moderate rents all combine to make the 
city attractive as a place in which to live or to do business, to say nothing of 
the historic associations that cluster around the old city. 



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ALEXANDRIA MANUFACTURES. 

Trade in Alexandria, like other places, is divided into Manufactures, 
Wholesale and Retail Business. 

Manufactures comes first in the life and prosperity of a community, if for 
no other reason, it gives employment to labor, which in turn helps to push 
the wheels of commerce and gives employment to the wholesaler, the re- 
tailer, the property owner and the doctor, the baker and candle-stick maker, 
or rather to the Standard Oil Magnate. 




WASHINGTON FLORIST COMPANY, Alexandria and Washington. 
J. Louis Loose, President; Otto Bauer, Manager. This company is of 
Alexandrian origin and has grown from small beginnings, under the man- 
agement of the president, to large proportions. It has 100,000 feet of 
glass, 12 acres of ground, employs 16 men and runs two extensive estab- 
lishments in Washington — 1707 Fourteenth street and Thirteenth and F 
streets — and docs a large wholesale as well as retail business. 



AGRICULTURAL i MPLEMENTS— Hei ben Bry- 
ant's Son, Mr. Arthur H. Bryant, represents some of the 
largest Implement and Wagon firms. Deals largely in 
Seeds and Fertilizers. 



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There is room for a number of enterprising men in Alexandria and they 
will be gladly welcomed and assisted by our people, among the best fields 
are wholesale boot and shoe, hats and caps, dry goods, notions, and all kinds 
of manufactures. Persons with money can find profitable investment in 
erecting small houses, flats or a large hotel. 



Alexandria manufacturers are not as numerous as could be wished, but 
those we have are successful and that means more. The city and county of 
Alexandria offer Washington a most advantageous location for its manufac- 
turing enterprises; m fact, it has been well said that Alexandria is the WORK- 
SHOP of the Nation's Capital, and it will be. 

In the past few years the industrial enterprises of the city have extended 
rapidly and those that we had before have outgrown their swaddling bands. 



We present numerous illustrations that sustain this assertion. While it is 
impossible to get the entire data we name a number of enterprises that would 
be a credit to any community. 

Acid Factory — One. 

Agricultural Implement Houses — Four; two illustrated, 11. Bryant's Son, 
and W. H. May & Son. 

Apron Factory — One. 

Bakeries — Corby Brothers, steam, see illustration, and a number of smaller 
ones. 

Boiler Works— One. 

Bottling Establishments — Three (see illustration, Portner's.) 

Bricks are manufactured in large miantities from the finest quality of 
clay, by the Bromalaw Brick Co.. Hon. Park Agncw, President, (illustrated). 
It may not be uninteresting to note that this industry is carried on in Alex- 
andria county on the most extensive scale, over 78,000.000 bricks being ship- 
ped into Washington city alone from the county. To accomplish this im- 
mense work hundreds of hands and teams are kept constantly employed. The 



Formaldehyde Generator Factory — One. 

Fish Packers — Several firms are engaged in this business and no better 
fish arc found than the Potomac shad and herring. See Fishtown illus- 
tration. 

Florists — Five; doing a business approximating $75,000 annually. We show 
portraits of four. 

Foundries — Two. 

Glass Works — Alexandria is fast becoming a glass factory center, start- 
ing a few years since with one establishment, on the co-operative plan, it has 
steadily advanced until to-day it has four extensive factories, three of which 
make beer and other bottles, and the other milk bottles. Our illustrations of 
two of these works show their magnitude and prove that Alexandria is not 
behind in this character of work. 

Grist and Flour Mills — Four ; see illustration of Lawrence mills. First- 
class flour and meal is made here and the mills all do well. 

Iron Works — Two; one illustrated, the Alexandria Iron Works. Kach has 








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Birdseye view from Sutcr's hill; Union Station in foreground. 



Capital City Telephone Co. 



Bromalaw Brick works is splendidly situated on Hunting Creek, just out- 
side of the city limits. 

Breweries — R. Portner Brewing Co., illustrated. 

Brooms — One broom factory. 

Cigar Factories — There are seven factories, giving employment to a large 
number of men, at good wages, principally piece work. We present illustra- 
tion of Hamilton & Co. 

Railway and Tobacco Supply Co. — One. 

Coach Factories — Two. 

Druggists^The Lcadbeatcrs manufacture largely. 

Electric Plant — Alexandria has an extensive and valuable electric plant, 
furnishing electricity for private and public uses. It cost about $150,000 and 
has only been instituted one year. 

Fertilizer Factories — Two, one illustrated, Bryant Fertilizer Co. Ship 
about 1,500 cars annually. The city's trade in this line reaches 4,500 cars. 



a machine shop connected therewith. There is also another extensive ma- 
chine shop in the city. 

Ice Factory^Onc, the Mutual Ice Co., see illustration. 

Metal Tile Works— One. 

Mattress Factory — To be built. 

Planing Mills and Lumber — Four sash, door, blind, and planing mills 
give employment to a large number of hands. Three of these firms handle 
lumber in large quantities. See illustrations of 11. K. Field & Co., and 
Smoot & Co.'s extensive plants. 

Pump Factory — One very extensive works. 

Ship Yards — Two; one illustrated. 

Shoe Factory — One, see illustration Paflf Shoe Factory. 

Steam Laundries — One; another chartered and soon to be started. 



feanks — Three national, one trust company, one private bank and one sav- 
ings bank, all illustrated. 

Building and Loan Associations — Four in number; one, the Mercantile & 
Railway Building and Loan Association, is illustrated. Alexandria owes 
much to its Building Associations, which have been in existence since soon 
after the war, and have materially aided in making homes for the people. 
With rare exceptions all of these institutions have been successful, and the 
first organized is still in successful operation. Among the foremost and 
most successful ranks the Mercantile & Railway Building & Loan Association, 
which not only does business in this city, but in Washington and elsewhere. 
It has been splendidly managed, and has done a business of over $2,000,000, 
without making a loss and proudly boasts that it carries no foreclosed property 
on its books. It has for the past few years done a savings bank business, with 
such success that all of the city banks have adopted this system and have 
savings departments. The officers are John P. Robinson, President, First 
National Bank; Treasurer, Lewis Hooff; Secretary, General Manager, and 
Counsel, Gardner L. Boothe, who, together with John T. Wilkins and Law- 
rence Stabler, form the directors. 

INSURANCE — Alexandria has two home companies, one that only does 
business in Alexandria, the other that has its headquarters in the city, but is 



identified with our neighboring county of Fairfax, and is purely mutual in its 
work. 

THE ALEXANDRIA HOME FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY (Inc.), 
started business in March, 1906, and has made a steady^ and satisfactory pro- 
gress. It has confined its risks to the City of Alexandria exclusively, making 
it possible to examine all property, thus excluding undesirable risks. Finan- 
cially, the company is in excellent condition. It has no debts. Its assets con- 
sists of bonds and cash. At the end of last year only a portion of the stock 
issued by this company had been paid in full ; since then further payments have 
been paid and in the immediate future the amount actually paid up in cash 
will be about three times that of last year. This company is absolutely safe, 
both as to its financial standing and management, and has the entire confi- 
dence of the community, which is extending to it a steadily increasing busi- 
ness. President, W. H. May; Secretary and Treasurer, Harrie White. Board 
of Directors, W. H. May, J. R. N. Curtin, E. C. Graham, E. S. Leadbeater, 
C. H. May, J. C. Milburn, C. B. Swan. Cash capital between $15,000.00 
and $20,000.00. 

INDEPENDENT MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE CO., OF FAIRFAX 
CO., Jas. W. Roberts, President; Walter Roberts, Treasurer, and C. Lukens, 
Secretary. Had 2,737 policies in force January i, 1907. Insurance value of 
insured property, $5,685,574, covering 2,737 risks. 





BIRDSEYE VIEW OF ALEXANDRIA. SHOWING NORTHWEST SECTION, WITH BELLE PRE GLASS WORKS IN FOREGROUND. 



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ALEXANDRIA'S WHOLESALE TRADE— No city of its size does 
a larger wholesale business than Alexandria. This is due to the fact of its 
admirable situation, its transportation facilities, its fine back country, its abil- 
ity to buy in bulk from first hands, and to handle at small cost, but not alone 
to these is its successful trade due, but to the energetic men who control its 
trade, to the willingness of our banks to accommodate and to active and in* 



Thos. F. Fisher. 



A. Oehlert. 



Zora Hill. 




Hon. F. J. Paff, Mayor. Ed. C. Graham. 

POLICE COMMISSIONERS. 



its travelers. Alexandria's 



telligent and popular young men who compose 
principal lines of wholesale trade arc as follows: 

WHOLESALE GROCERY TRADE -Alexandria does a business of sev- 
eral millions in the grocery line. It is admirably located for shipping and 
receiving goods and as expenses are not high our merchants have rare oppor- 
tunities to meet compeiiiion. Their various warehouses, of which we snow 
three, are so located as to be able to receive directly on the railroads, and to 
load and unload with the smallest amount of expense. In addition to the 
extensive back country trade, extcn<ling into North Carolina and Tennessee. 
large amounts of goods are sold daily in Washington. 



THE WHOLESALE DRUG TRADE of Alexandria is extensive and tar 
beyond that of many more pretentious cities. It is principally in the hands 
of one of the oldest and most reliable houses in the country, and is the oldest 
in the South, having been established in 1792 and handed down from father 
to son in direct successionj it is now conducted as the E. S. Leadbeater & 
Son Inc., with C. C. Leadbeater, President; It). S. Leadbeater, Vice-President, 
and John Leadbeater, Secretary and Treasurer, all young and stirring men of 
the highest order of business ability. They occupy two stores on King street, 



a dozen travelers on the road over Virginia, West Virginia, and North Caro- 
lina, and do business extending to all parts of the South and some in the 
West. They manufacture extensively a number of first class proprietory 
medicines the formulas of none of which had to be changed under the new 
food law. These gentlemen have numerous old letters and orders, books, etc., 
from Mr. Custis and other prominent persons dating back to the early days 
of the 19th Century, which they courteously show the curious. 




WASHINGTON'S HEADQUARTERS, 
City Hotel, Royal and Cameron Streets. 



and three on Fairfax street, one of the latter being the house in which the 
business started. Their extensive warehouses occupy nearly half a square 
of ground on Lee street and run nearly through to Union, another on Prince 
streets is the old Citizens Bank Building and its vaults are used for the 
protection against fire of their more expensive drugs. Our illustration hardly 
does justice to their business, they supply nearly 500 Druggists in Washington 
City alone, sending there daily five wagons to distribute their orders, all of 
the nearby Maryland and Virginia trade is furnished by them, they have nearly 




A "Sesqui" Float. ^^ m. Desmond, plumber, in the parade. 

CHINA. CROCKERY, GLASS. ETC.— Alexandria has long been noted 
for its business in ihls line. The Miller Company is one of the oldest houses 
of this character in Virginia. (Illustrated.) 

CRACKERS AND CAKES— Julian Y. Williams, No. 313 Cameron street, 
manager for Ilavenner Baking Co. See illustration. 

CLOTHING. BOOTS AND SHOES— One firm, E. Goldsmith (see il- 
lustration) ; does a large back country and river trade. 

CANDY — One house ; a number of confections ; doing both wholesale 
and retail trade; make fine grade of goods. (See Shuman & Son.) 

LIME AND CEMENT is handled very extensively by several firms ; 
Treasurer T. W. Robinson, of George H. Robinson's Sons, reprfesenting the 
large Riverton Mills. 



DRUGS— See Leadbeater. 

DRY GOODS— One large house. There is room for others. 
HARDWARE— Wholesale and Retail. Two firms: Carlin-Hulfish 
and W. E. liain; both illustrated. 



Co., 



THE WESTERN FLOUR HILLS are represented by the four Commer- 
cial Agencies of the city, among whom is the firm of A. D. Brockett & Co., 
one of the city's most active and pushing men of progress. 




THE MRS. KRAMEK FLORAL COMPANY, of 114 N. Fayette 
street, composed of Charles Kramer and Miss A. M. Kramer, have an 
extensive yard and glass covering of 12,000 feet and one-half a square of 
land. It is partly situated on the old historical wagon-yard. Another 
part of the grounds is historical from the fact that it was the home of 
Henry Ditcher, one of Washington's most trusted servants. This man, to- 
gether with all the slaves of Washington, was set iree by the will o( the 
General. Ditcher died about twenty years ago at about 100 years of age 
and was a celebrated character. This Company does a large and profitable 
business, and their greenhouses being centrally located are easily 
reached. 

STOVES, TIN-WARE, HOUSE FURNISHINGS, ETC.— This line is 
represented by a number of firms in the retail trade. Mr. Henry Baader & 
Sons are the only jobbers. (Illustrated.) 

STANDARD OIL CO. is represented by an agency that does more busi- 
ness than any branch in any city twice the size of Alexandria. 

THE GREAT MEAT FIRMS are represented by bright, active agenta, 
and do a large business. 




THE CABLE COMPANY 
Manufacturers of Pianos and Organs. C. W. 
O'Mcara, Manager Northern Virginia and District 
of Columbia Branches of Richmond Territory of this 
extensive concern. No. 613 King street. Business 
done since establishment, in 1904, over $125,000, and 
is steadily building up. The Alexandria branch is 
one of the most satisfactory branches of the com- 
pany. 



THE RETAIL BUSINESS OF ALEXANDRIA is very extensive, al- 
though its merchants justly object to the fact that many of its people, like 
people in other cities under like conditions, often visit Washington to make 
their purchases. On the other hand, hundreds of people, who live in Alex- 
andria, do business or hold positions in the Capital City, and on the whole 
Alexandria has the best of it. 

In the past few years the Retail Merchants of Alexandria have greatly 
improved their stores, either by rebuilding or remodelling and this improve- 
ment is constantly going on, greatly to the advantage of the city's appear- 
ance and the benefit of the enterprising men who thus attract attention to 
themselves. We present a number of these attractive places of business in 
our illustrations, and while not able to refer to all the wide-awake retailers 




Swan & Brother, King and Pitt streets, are among the leaders and will, when 
they get into their new store (see illustration) have an up-to-date and mod- 
ern store in their line. 

EVERYTHING NEEDED IN THE HOME, the Farm, or Garden can 

be had in Alexandria at reasonable prices. The market is well supplied and 
prices charged are as reasonable as can be expected. In recent years huck- 
sters have been supplying customers from wagons and many of the grocers 
carry stocks of vegetables. Fish, crabs, oysters and game, in season, are 
sold at moderate figures. In a word, Alexandria is in every respect admirably 
adapted as a place of residence or business. 





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HAVENNER BAKING CO. (Wholesale). 313 Cameron street; Julian 
Y. Williams, manager. Crackers and cakes. Wide-awake and up-to-date. 



EDWARD QUINN & SONS. Leading Retail Grocers. 529 
Oronoco and 503 N. St. Asaph streets. Established by Mr. 
Edward Quinn. who is associated with his sons Edward, Wm. H. 
and Martin A. They do an extensive grocery, wine and liquor 
business, and handle only first-class goods. 



of the city in their various lines, it is a pleasure to refer briefly to the follow- 
ing: 

COAL — Alexandria does a large coal business, shipping largely to the 
back country, both locally and from the mines direct. W. A. Smoot & Co., 
are the largest dealers (see illustration), both wholesale and retail. 

CONFECTIONERS— There are a number in this branch of business; we 
refer to the House of L. Shuman & Son, No. 516 King street, whose business 
is by no means confined to the city. 

DRY GOODS — The retail trade in this line is an extensive one, both in 
Alexandria and the back country, and is constantly on the increase. Messrs 



THE DEPARTMENT STORE is a new venture in Alexandria, and is 
conducted by P. Pulman & Co., No. 825 Duke street. 

FURNITURE — This business is carried on quite extensively and suc- 
cessfully in Alexandria. We illustrate one of the firms, Griffin & Michelbach, 
who have been established five years, beginning in a small way and building up 
to be the largest Furniture Installment House in the city, and doing an ex- 
tensive trade in the adjoining counties of Virginia and Maryland and in 
Washington City. They give employment to a large number of men and 
teams. They have recently moved into the handsome and commodious store 
shown in the illustration. 



HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS— One of the greatest needs of the city 
is a large, mo<icrn hotel. But it is not lacking in a number of smaller hos- 
tclrics, both well managed and popular and doing a good business. Three of 
these are shown among our illustrations. 

JE\yELERS~This branch of industry is well and fiuccessfully repre- 
sented in Alexandria by a number of firms. \\'e give an inside view of the 
old house of Henry W. Wildt & Son, 105 North Royal street. 

NOTIONS. TOYS. GENTS* AND LADIES' FURNISHINGS— Charles 
M. Adams. 411 King street. Mr. Adams is one of the city's successful busi- 



II %U ^ 



Harr>* Flcischmann 




Ed. J. Flemins 



Alexandria Lodge of 
Elks, No. 758 



ALEXANDRIA CORRESPONDENTS AND REPORTERS. 

Standing, left to right — R. L. Came. Jr.. Washington Times; Wm. 
F. Carne, Jr.. Washington Star; Mahlon H. Janney. Star; Dr. Lucian C. 
Smith. Washington Herald; James F. Peyton, Washington Post; M. T. 
Dwyer. Star. Seated — Mr. William F. Carne, Baltimore Sun. and Mr. 
Luther H. Thompson, of the Gazette. 

ness men; his stock is large and well selected and his large business is evi- 
dence of his popularity as a merchant. We illustrate his fine country resi- 
dence in Alexandra County, just outside of the city. 

PLUMBING — There are a number of successful men in this line, among 
them ex-Councilman Wm. Desmond, whose float in the "Sesqui" ia shown. 




LEXANDRIA LODGE OK Kl.KS, NO. 758. w.is instituted t>y C.co. 1". 
Bradley, organizer. I-'ebriiary 9. 19''*). with fift.\' mt-uibers; the nicnil>ership is 
now nearly ^(.hi. among whom .irc many of the city's most prominent business 
men. Harr\ Fleiscbniann is Kxalted Ruler and Kd. J. Fleming. Secretary. Our 
illustration shows the hall of this splendid organization where \'isitin8r Elks will 
always find a Virginia welcome. 



REAL ESTATE— In the 

past few years property 
values have advanced more 
than 100 per cent, owing to 
the improved streets, sewers 
and increase of population. 
Waste places have been 
built up, old structures torn 
down and given place to 
modern and handsome edi- 
fices, examples of this is 
seen on every hand, we can 
name but a few; the hand- 
some, not to say elegant 
banks of the city are. of 
course, most prominent ; it 
is a pleasure to show them 
=.wr*v-^«v^ ^^^'-^iiir I ^," '" •?,"' '""strations and 

%S \Si » fflEB » ' th^y ^^'" compare favorably 

^l--'"m'l 'B^ fe ■ ■' with the banks of any city. 

S8 ■^fit -I ''» L» K'"e s*''^^* '^ rapidly pul- 

??* ■ ■ .ffrVj*/!^ !^ ting on modern airs and 

visitors no longer sneer at 
our gras5-grown street or 
ramshackelty houses. These 
improvements are due to the 
causes before named but are 
also due in a great meas- 
ure to the industry and en- 
terprise of our Real Es- 
tate firms, who are untir- 
ing in their work to advance 
the development of the city, 
foremost among these are 
the following. 

M. B. Harlow & Co., 
Inc., composed of M. B. 
Harlow, President; Ross W. 
Elliot, Treasurer, and E- J- 
Fleming, Secretary; the two 
latter are young, progressive 
men, the former one of Al- 
exandria's most progressive 
citizens, and one who for 
many years has left no stone unturned to advance its material development. 
Robert Elliott, whose handsome residence at Braddock Heights is shown, 
is an active and untiring worker in this line. 

J. D. Normoyle, is another Real Estate worker ; he is a persistent and 
intelligent advertiser and has a splendid business which is constantly in- 
creasing, owing to his prompt methods. There are others equally active, but 
space forbids their mention. 

There is no doubt that while property has advanced as stated that in the 
near future it will advance still more rapidly in and around the city, and in- 
telligent investors would do well to invest now, rather than lose the oppor- 
tunity of doubling their money. There are not a half dozen stores on King 
street for rent ; the warehouses on the wharf are all occupied and only re- 
cently numerous improvements have been made ; as examples, the great ice 
house of the Mutual Ice Co., and the immense addition to the fertilizer plant, 
and Mr. A. D. Brockett's new warehouse, and many others. 




There is great need for small houses or modern flats, the demand is far 
beyond the supply and numerous would-be citizens have to go outside because 
they cannot be supplied ; every Real Estate man in the cit^ will tell you that 
these are facts, and that money invested in such property will pay handsomely. 



M. B. Harlow & Co.. Inc., 119 South 
Fairfax Street, Real Estate and Insur- 
ance in all branches. 






3rtV ti'JODS 





''^v- , 



DRY GOODS — Swan Crotliers locatinii in Alexandria 
eight years ago have done an ever extending business, 
which compels them to enlarge their storage capacity, so 
as to give the people of the city a larger and better dry 
goods house. They came from Waynesboro, Augusta Co., 
Virginia, and have made many friends here, and also in 
Washington, where they have a branch store. 

and it is proven by the experience of Mr, Wager, who, within the past few 
years has purchased and modernized bolh the Old St. Mary's School (Colonial) 
and the Braddock House, and that every flat is rented as fast as finished. 

A modern four-story flat has ju'^t started, corner of King and Columbus 
streets Illustrations are shown of botli the buildings named. 

SOCIAL AND FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS— Besides those illus- 
trated and heretofore alluded to, Alexandria has a number of social, fraternal 
and beneficial societies, among the most prominent of which are The Inde- 
pendent Order of Odd Fellows, one lodge owning its hall and the other meet- 
ing in Sarepta Hall, on King street; The United Order of American Me- 
chanics. Andrew Jackson Lodge, No. 120, of Masons, The Maccabees, Eagles, 
Labor Unions, and others all doing good work along their various lines. 

The social clubs are principally represented by those mentioned and the 
Young Men's Sodality, which is ever alive to the best interests of the city 



Then there arc the Knights of Columbus and the Hibernians which are wide- 
awake social and fraternal organizations. The Sodality Building, on Duke 
street, is one that the city is justly proud of. The Hachelor's club is one of 
the leading social organizations of the city, and cheerfully takes a hand in 
every move to place Alexandria in the front rank, especially on ft-stive occas- 



French spoliations. In the Mexican War, Captain Course led a company of 
volunteers to the front, one of whom, Mr. Douglass, has only recently died, 
and another is still alive. Alexandria was represented in the Civil War by the 
Alexandria Riflemen, the Mount Vernon Guards, the Emmet t Guards, the 
( Hd Dominion Rifles, the O'Connell Guards, belonging to the 1 7th \'a. In- 





THE 
ducted by 
partner is 
Junior has 



ALEXANDRIA IRON WORKS— J. R. N. Curtin. President; Calvin 

Halts, X'jce-I'rcsidcnt ; C. N. Noursc, Secretary and Treasurer; M. R. Rogers, 

C.cncral Manager. Located at Royal and Wilkes streets. Successors to the 

old Jamieson and Collins Iron Works. Manufacture all kinds of iron castings, 

, stairways, porches, structure and ornamental iron, beams, girders, wrought- 

HOTEL FLEISCHMANN. con- iron fences and fire escapes. Employ forty-five hands and do a large busi- 

Fleischmann & Son. The senior ness throughout the country, especially in Washington. A prosperous and 

a veteran in the Ime and the growing company. The President, Mr. Curtin, is also President of the Board 

been raised m the busmess. of Aldermen. He has long represented the Third Ward in Council. 

This 6rm has an annual output of about $160,000 and a pay roll of $25,000. 




1,. Shiiman ^S: .suii. ^U> King.?tt.. 
leading Confectioners. Manufact- 
urers of Candy and Fruit Cake. 
Ship the latter all over United 
States. Large quantities to Chicago. 



ions. The present oflicers are: Douglass Stuart, President; O. H. Kirk, Sec- 
retary ; Julian V. Williams, Treasurer; who, together with W. W. Ballenger. 
and J. vVm. May, compose the Board of Governors. It was organized in 
1879. 

ALEXANDRIA'S SOLDIERS— From the earliest days Alexandria pa- 
triotism was always proven and the city sent to all the wars it quota of men 
who distinguished their city through their valor. 

Washington led .Mcxandrians with Bradrlock to Fort Duquesne. During 
the Revolution a company was raised of which he was the honorary captain. 
In the war of 1812 the town was represented, and it was also taken and 
sacked by the British. Its shipping suffered both in this war and from the 



fantry ; one company of Cavalry, and two batteries of artillery, Kemper's and 
Triplet t's. These troops suffered terribly during the war, and the survivors 
and citizens erected to their memory the Confederate Monument. See illus- 
tration. 

In the Spanish-American War Alexandria sent one company, the Li^ht 
Infantry, which, while not reaching the front, did good service, and stood high 
in regard to merit in the records of the war. Captain Atkinson, commanded. 

The Alexandria Light Infantry was reorganized after the war and is now 
Company G of the 70th Virginia, under command of Captain Murphy. The 
Major of the 70th, James K. King, was formerly Captain of this company and 
served as Lieutenant during the Spanish War. 



TELEPHONES — Alexandria has two Telephone Companies, the Bell and 
the Capital City, thus affording better service than in many larger cities 

and at less rates. 




An 
the 



CAPITAL CITY, Exchange 309 King street, F. F. Marbury, Manager. 
Independent Company: member Virginia Independent Association and 
International Association, connecting with all independent companies in 



BELL TELEPHONE CO., Wythe White, Manager, does general tele- 
phone business, connecting with the Bell system. (Illustrated.) 
TELEGRAPHS— Western Union and Postal have offices here. 
THE FLORIST INDUSTRY in and around Alexandria is, when looked 
into, like many others, not a thing to be sneezed at. There are five large 
concerns here giving employment to a large number of people and pleasure to 
thousands of others, not only in this city but in Washington, New York and 
elsewhere. We present illustrations of four of these establishments, but they 
hardly do justice to any one of them. 




the State. (Illustrated.) 



MILLING INDUSTRY— Alexandria has five Mills that grmd both 
wheat and corn, among them stands foremost THE LAWRENCE MILL 
CO., established July i, 1898, which does both wholesale and retail busi- 
ness, principally the former, and has an output of 25,000 barrels of Flour 
and 6,000 barrels of Corn annually, using 125.000 bushels of wheat and 
25,000 of corn every year in the production of their goods. Weekly 
wages paid, $85.00 to $100.00; employing from 8 to 10 hands. Sell 
principally at HOME, as their goods are well appreciated where they 
art made. Also ship largely to Norfolk and to Washington City. 

AMUSEMENTS. 
Hill's Opera House is a fine structure, and has a fine hall, with a seat- 
ing capacity for some 700. Numerous companies during the season present 
attractive plays. When nothing is on the boards in Alexandria, the numer- 
ous theatres of Washington are within a half hour s trolley ride over the Mount 
Vernon electric road; but better still is the great attraction for young and 
old— Luna Park (see illustration)— which is only ten minutes by trolley from 
Alexandria, and which is liberally patromzed by our. people. Mr. Goodfellow, 
the Manager, is not only a Goodfellow in name but in every other way, and is 
making mighty efforts to make Luna Park one of the greatest attractions in 
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Mount Vernon Avenue, 




"In honoring Wash 

iiigton the Americ.r 

people honor th( n 

selves," said the Im 

Senator Stanford of Cal 

ifornia in referring to tli- 

project to build Mount 

X'ernon Avenue, the pi-i- 

posed boulevard from tlic 

Capitol building, through 

the Mall and over tlic 

Memorial Bridge, pass- 
ing Arlington, through 

ihe beautiful counties of 

Alexandria and Fair- 
fax, along the most pic- 
turesque hills to be 

found, and for miles 'n 
ull panoramic view of 

Washington and its ma^: 

uificent buildings; 

through A 1 e X a n dr i a, 

iKT D Tj A DT rMi7 WasHington's home town ; 

c ^^r^ ^- "ARLOW. a,.,oss Hunting Creek. 

Sec. & Treas. Ongmator of plan over another Memorial 

Bridge to the memory of 
Lafayette, De Kalb, Rochamheau and the other distinguished French soldiers 
and sailors who aided our fathers in their battle for freedom; thence through 

what was originally a part of Mt. 
Vernon estate to the home and 
tomb of Washington. 

A highway about seventeen miles 
in length, and 250 feet wide, divided 
into sections, one for each State, on 
which are to be built, by the sev- 
eral States, splendid permanent 
luildings in which the products of 
<ach can be shown, together with a 
topographic map of the State, 
statues and monuments to their dis- 
luiguished sons, with trees and 
Mowers indiginous to the State, de- 
■^criptive matter as to manufactur- 
ing, mining, agriculture, in short, 



r ^ 



^ - 




JOHN B. SMOOT. 

First President. 



everything that can ad- 
vertise to the world the I 
greatness of our country [ 
and the advantages pre 
sented by each one of th. 
numerous Common 
wealths that const i tu i- 
tlie American Union wil] 
thus be presented. 

In fact, as stated b\ 
Mr. M. B. Harlow, the 
originator of the idea, it 
will be an Apian \\'a> 
and a Westminster Ab- 
bey combined. I 

It would take a volume I 
to tell of this patriotic [ 
movement, and it can 
only be briefly referred | 
to here. 

The project is one of I 
the most patriotic ever ' 
suggested, and when un- 
derstood, must com- 
mend itself to every true 
American as not only a 
wise and judicial work that of necessity must redound to the 




WM. E. SMOOT, 
Vice-President. 




patriotic but 

credit and advancement of the entire nation. 

When this great highway is built 
it will be one of the world's won- 
ders, greater than the Apian Way, 
more magnificent than Westmins- 
ter Abbey, and at the same time in 
presenting the beauties and advant- 
ages of all our States will be of 
inestimable advantage to every one 
of them. It will have a speedway 
that will rival the boulevards of the 
world, seventeen miles in length, 
with roadways for automobiles, car- 
riages, electric cars, bicycles, and 
a bridle path, affording endless 
pleasure and enjoyment to our own 
people, and to visitors from all the 



E. E. DOWNHAM. 
Former Vice-President. 





Section of Avenue from Col. Hains' Report. 



HON. FRANK HUME, 
Late Vice-President. 



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THOS. PERRY, 
Flour Inspector, 



States and the uttermost parts of the earth, who come 
to see our Capital city. 

The idea of constructing an avenue from Washingrton 
City to Mount Vernon was first suggested by City 
Treasurer M. B. Harlow, of Alexandria, in iS86. He 
communicated his thoughts to the late Col. E- W. Fox, 
editor and proprietor of the "National Republican," who 
heartily approved the project, and devoted much space 
in his paper and exerted his personal influence to the 
day of his death in warmly advocating the proposed 
memorial. 

In 1887 a meeting of the citizens of Washington. 
Alexandria city and county, and Fairfax county, was 
held at Hill's Opera House in Alexandria, and an or- 
ganization perfected, known as the Mount Vernon 
Avenue Association, which was chartered by the Legis- 
lature of Virginia February 1, 18SS. As a further evi- 
dence of the great interest manifested by Virginia in this project, March ;. 
1888, the Legislature transferred to this association a claim held by the State 
against the General Government for $1 jo, 000, which sum was advanced by the 
State of Virginia Jn 1790, and used by the Government in the construction 
of the first public buildings erected at Washington, which sum has never been 
repaid, thus leaving the United States indebted to the old State that sur- 
rendered to it her northv/est, and furnished to the revolution a Washington, 
and later a Jefferson, a Madison, and Monroe, and from which it tore her 
great coal and iron fields in West \'ir}2inia. The State only asks that this 
money be paid so that it can be used to build this boulevard, thus adding to 
the beauty and the reputation of the Nation's Capital. Subsequent legisla- 
tion by the State authorizes that the Association turn over to the General 
Government the entire control and policing of the avenue, if it builds the 
boulevard. 

All that the Government has yet done is to survey the routes and for 
this purpose, in iSSg, Congress made an appropriation of $r 0,000 for 
ascertaining the cost, and the feasibility of the Government's indorsement of 
the proposed memorial highway. Col. Peter C. Haines was detailed by the 
Secretary of War to make the necessary surveys. After completing his work, 
Colonel Hains, in submitting his report, highly indorsed the carrying out of 
the proposition of the Mount Vernon Avenue Association. Secretary Endi- 
cott, in his report to Congress on the subject, also endorsed the matter. This 
report was presented to Congress in 1890. Later, both Secretaries Proctor and 
Root also endorsed the proposition. The report of Secretary Endicott was 
that the minimum cost would be $1,200,000. and the maximum $2,000,000. 
This provided for building the grandest boulevard in the world. 

One of the most enthusiastic advocates in Congress of the project was 
the late Senator Leland Stanford, of California, who was chairman of the 
committee to whom the bill was referred. He stated in committee that he 
favored the construction of the boulevard by the Government, "no matter 
what it cost, as the American people can never do too much to honor the 
name of Washington." 

The Association has during its existence steadily worked to accomplish 
the object for which it was organized, and now that the construction of the 
proposed Memorial Bridge across the Potomac appears to be an assured fact, 
renewed efTorts will be made to secure the necessary appropriation for the 
construction of Mount Vernon Avenue. 

Hume's Spring on "Warwick" will be in the center of the avenue. Mr. 
Hume, at considerable e.xpense, had fitted up this beautiful resort, which is 
much frequented by the public. 

A public meeting was held September t8, 1S87, at the Opera House in 
Alexandria. Addresses were lade and resolutions adopted and steps taken to 



perfect the organization. At a subsequent meeting Hon. John B. Smoot, Mayor 
of the city and one of the wealthiest and most respected citizens, was elected 
president; Mr. Henry A. Willard, of Washington City, vice-president; M. B. 
Harlow, secretary and treasurer, and Hon. E. W. Fox, of the Washington 
"National Republican," corresponding secretary. 

The following directors were elected September 18, 1899, to serve until 
the regular annual meeting: 

From Alexandria City — Park Agnew, M. B. Harlow, C. C. Carlin, W. B. 
Smoot, T. K. M. Norton, Hubert Snowden, E. E. Downham, James R. Caton, 
W. F. Carne, C. C. Leadbeater, G. L. Eoothe. and J. M. Hill. 

From Alexandria County — Frank Hume, former Senator T. B. Henderson, 
Dr. J, Taber Johnson, A. B. Graham, J. K- Clements, and Dr. G. Wythe 
Cooke. 

From Fairfax County— Jos. E- Willard, R. W. Moore, W. H. Snowden. 
and Alex. J. Wedderburn. 

From Washington — Stilson Hutchins, Beriah Wilkins, C. S. Noyes, W. S. 
Knox, John Toy Ed- 
son. N. H. Shea, A. 
Greenlees, Matthew 
Trimble, and F. Mer- 
tens. December i the 
Directors met and 
elected Mr. William 

B. Smont First Vice- 
President. Mr. 
Smoot is the son of 
the first President. 

In his very elabor- 
ate and exhaustive of- 
ficial report to the 
Secretary of War 
Proctor — Col. Peter 

C. Hains makes the 
following statement : 

"There are points 
of interest along all 
the route. Fort My- 
er and the National 
Cemetery at Arling- 
ton are near by. The 
old town of Alexan- 
dria, near which any 
route must pass, 
abounds in objects 
that were associated 
with the Father of 
his Country, while 
many of the hills are 
even yet occupied by 
the remains of old 
earthen forts b.nlt 
during the war of 
the L^nion. 

"In order to de- 
termine the kind of 
roadway that is 
called for in the act. 
the question occurs. 
What is its object? 




RC5 hONX.C.CAffLiN, 






HAMILTON & CO"S CIGAR 
FACTORY. 



Old war picture. "Battery Rogers" on South Lee street, overlooking the Potomac River and Ag- 
new's ship yard, with the Maryland shore in the distance, showing Oxen Hill, the home of the Rev. 
W. D. Addison, one of the ofBciating clergy at Washington's funeral. Our thanks are due to Mr. A. 
Sullivan, of the Reliance Fire Company, for the use of this photograph of Battery Rogers. 



CIGARS — There arc six cigar factories in the city, all doing a good business and employing a number of men. Among them we present an 

illustration of the factory of Hamilton & Co.. 333 King Street. This firm was established 1889. and turns out 750,000 cigars annually. Employs 20 

hands, and consists of A. H. Oehlert. F. M. Hamilton, and J. P. Steiner. Their cigars are noted over the State and are largely sold in 
Washington and elsewhere, where "Their Plantation," is a synonim for an excellent smoke. 



It is not for commerce. It has no military value.* 
It does not partake of the nature of an ordinary 
work of internal improvement. It is true it 
would be of great value to the section of country 
tlirough which it would pass, but to the nation it 
practically has no pecuniary value. What, then, 
is the object? It is to commemorate tlie virtues 
of the grandest character in American history. It 
is to satisfy the cravings of a patriotic sentiment 
that fills the hearts of the American people to 
honor the name of Washington. 

"Whatever tends to keep alive the memory of 
his character and virtues tends to make us all 
better citizens of the Republic. A road, there- 




Residence of Hon. Jas. R. Caton, attorney-at-law, and 
member House of Delegates. 



Residence Wm. B. Smoot, rear view. 



lional Republican," who was indefatigable in his 
elTorts to secure the building of the boulevard ; and 
Hon. Frank Hume, of Alexandria County (whose pic- 
ture we give), was ever an earnest worker in 
everything that tended to advance the material 
development of his county and city, which he rep- 
resented several times in the Legislature, with 
credit to his county and city, and satisfaction to 
his constituents. 



*Since Col. Hains made his report, in 1890, the 
establishment of a military station at Fort Hunt. 
Sheridan's Point, Va., between Mount Vernon and 
Fort Myer, the road becomes a military necessity as 
well as a national highway and permanent 
exposition grounds it becomes of inestimable com- 
mercial value to the whole nation. 



fore, built from the Capitol of the nation to the 
tomb of its founder, would not be such as is 
built for ordinary traffic. It should have the 
character of a monumental structure, such as 
would comport with the dignity of this great 
nation in such an undertaking, and the 
grandeur of the character of the man to 
whom it is dedicated. The question of cost 
would be of secondary consideration." 

Among the men who have labored must 
assiduously for the Mount Vernon Avenue 
are two that have passed over to the "great 
divide," Col. E- W. Fox, editor of the "Na- 




Home of Hon. E. E. Downham, ex-Mayor of 

Alexandria and President Friendship 

Fire Company. 



^^«* // 





"Malvern," Fairfax County — Country home of Mr. Edward L. Dainger- 
Beld. President of the Citizens National Bank. 



A Fairfax Home — Residence of Alex. J. Wedderburn, 
Wcdderburn, Va. 





Arlington. 



Woodlawn, Fairfax County. Historic home of Nellie Custis. 



Our Suburban J\[elghbors. 



No section of Virginia presents better opportunities for 
the intelligent farmer, fruit raiser, poultryman, dairyman, 
trucker or the mixed farmer than that which comprises the 
hack: country of Alexandria. With unexcelled transporta- 
tion facilities opening up to them the great markets of 
Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York, each 
county of this section affords ample opportunity for a 
description of its advantages and its resources to be tie- 
scribed in a book larger than this, therefore it is impossi- 
ble to enter into detail and I must be confined to the most 
brief notice. 

The country adjacent to Alexandria is the most health- 
ful and salubrious that can be found. Land values are low, 
but advancing, and witli each development must advance 
more rapidly. The inHux of the trolley means the increase 
of population and the increase of land values. Many hun- 
dreds of thousands of dollars have been spent in the coun- 
ties of Alexandria, Fairfax, and Prince William in the past 
decade but it is not a circumstance to what will be spent in 
the next. 





I^ii pill i ;ft:i;. 



Alexandria County C. H., Fort Myer Heights, Va. 



JAMES E. CLEMENTS, 

Superintendent of Public Schools, 

Alexandria Co. 



roads, and three steam roads, with 
connection of several more. Its 
villages are such as to delight 
home-seekers, its schools are not 
equalled in the state, and its prox- 
imity to Washington ensures a con- 
stant increase in values. It is des- 
tined to be the Work Shop of 
W'ashington, and numerous indus- 
tries now prove the assertion. 
Within the county is Arlington, 
the home of George Washington 
Park Custis, the grandson of Mrs. 
Washington and the adopted son 
of General Washington, and the 
father of Mrs. Robert E- Lee (see 
illustration). This is the American 
Westminster, where the soldiers of 
both armies lie entombed. In con- 
templating the resting places of 
these heroes who fell for principle 
and patriotism we are apt to re- 
member the lines of Father Ryan: 



The adjacent counties are Alexandria, the Virginia sec- 
tion of the original District of Columbia, (except Alexan- 
dria city) ;Fairfax and Prince William. All of this section 
originally formed the county of Prince William. In 1742 
Fairfax was cut from this county and named for Lord Fair- 
fax. Alexandria was laid out as the county-seat of Fairfax 
in 1748. \\'hen the District of Columbia was formed the 
present Qounty and city of Alexandria was ceeded to the 
Nation as Virginia's part. The present site of Fairfax Court 
House was selected in 1799, and the old Court House built 
in 1800. After the war, when the Underwood constitution 
was framed the city and county of Alexandria were separ- 
ated and so remain as different jiu'isdictions. 

Alexandria County — -Has a number of fine suburban 
I owns, all prospering and increasing in population and 
wealth. No county in the state has more favorable oppor- 
tunities, it is high and healthy, and up to the present time 
its lands are cheap. For miles its lands He m full view 
of the Nation's Capitol ; it is traversed by three electric 




^r->4^-t-i ^ 



COLUMBIA SCHOOL. 
One of Alexandria County's Handsome Schools. 



"On fame's eternal camping grounds 
Their countless tents are spread, 
While Glory guards with solemn round 
The bivouac of the dead." 

We reproduce a portrait of Abingdon, the 
house built by John I'ark Custis, Mrs. Wash- 
in^tfui's first husband : Nellie Custis was born in 
this house. We also give pictures of Alexandria 
County Court House, at Fort Mycr Heights, and 
of Supt. James K. Clements, and one of his 
school houses. The county has a fine school 
system and the finest school buildings of any 
county in the state, and much credit is due Mr. 
Clements for his work along educational lines. 
We also illustrate the Washington, Alexandria 
and ^H. \'crnon Railroad electric plant and car 
sheds, at Four Mile Run. and Alexandria's great 
resort, Luna Park; nor do we stop there, for it 
is a pleasure to give views of "Eastern View." 
the fine county residence of Mr. Charles M. 
Adams, the enterprising Alexandria dry goods 
and notions merchant, and of Mr. Robt. Ivllioti's 
handsome home, on Historic Braddock Heights. 
There are many splendid homes in Alexandria 
county, and they are constantly increasing and of 
necessity must increase. The principal towns are: 
Falls Church (which lies in both Alexandria and 
Fairfax) ; Ballston. Fort Myer Heights, Claren- 
don, Roslvn, Addison Heights, Braddock, Del 
Ray and St. Elmo. 

The roads of Alexandria county will com- 
pare favorably with any in the slate and arc 
steadily being improved. 

As an evidence of improved values it is only 
necessary to slate that fourteen years ago the 
county was assessed at $800,000; while the last 
assessment showed an increase of $3,300,000. 
Uuildings are being erected at the rate of 200 
to 300 a year and they are fdled as fast as 
built by a most desirable class of people. 

There are sixteen white and stx colored 
schools, with sixteen white and six colored teach- 
ers. The school age runs from seven to twenty, 
and there arc 1,862 pupils enrolled; the scholars 
have doubled in the past decade. 

THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL THEO- 
LOGICAL SEMINARY 
near Alexandria. Va. 

The historic Seminary of the Protestant Episcopal 
Church in the diocese of Virginiit was founded in the 
year 1MJ3. and for four years its sessions were held in 
the vesry room of St. Pauls Church, and in a house 

now standing at the southeast corner of King and W.')shink:ton streeL^i in the city 
of Alexandria. In the year 1H27 the .Seminary was removed to its present site three 
miles west of Alexandria occupying n commanding position on the third ranee of 
bills rising from the Potomac river. The present building consists of four large 




"Eastern View," Handsome Alexandria county country home of Chas. M. Adams. Alexandria's 
leading notion and ladies* and gents' furnishing goods merchant. 41 z King street. 

halls for lecture rooms and students' rooms, a library, the professors' houses atid 
the chapel, wliich. has been recently enlarged and beautiBed by Uishop Ptttter of 
New York, who is one of the prominent Altinini of the institution. A handsome 
window has been placed in the chancel of the Seminary Chapel the 



^ft of Mrs. S. F. Houston, of Philadelphia. It commemorates the missionary 

spirit of the Seminary. 

All the foreign missions of the Episcopal church, until the recent Colo- 
nial development of the United States, were founded by this Seminary. Its 
Alumni list is 1,065, of whom about 550 are now living, many of them hold- 
ing prominent positions in the church. Twenty-nine of its Alumni have been 
elected to the Episcopate, one of whom was the celebrated Bishop Brooks, of 
Massachusetts, who stood foremost amon^ the preachers of America. 

There are five professors at the Seminary, The average number of 
students is forty-five, and its Alumni are found in all" the States of the Union, 
and in many mission districts throughout the world. 

My thanks are due Rev. Dr. Sam'I A. WalUs, of the Seminary, for the 
above facts. 

OLD TIME ITEMS. 

Friendship Fire Co., No. i, was organized, as 
previously stated, for the purpose of "promoting 
friendship and of assisting m extinguishmg fires," 
in 1774, and its members were to carry an "ozna- 
burg bag and a bucket to each fire." Washington 
became a member in 1774 and while on a trip to 
Philadelphia purchased the FIRST HAND EN- 
GINE EVER SENT TO VIRGINIA, (it was 
made in France and contained onlv a few barrels 





of water), and presented it to the Company. The Company is still alive and 
its membership comprises many of our most prominent citizens, who have 
actively served an apprenticeship in the active companies. 

This old company was in active service up to 1872, when the hand com- 
panies had to surrender to the modern idea of steam. 

During the war the engine was stolen and carried to Fort Ellsworth, 
near the city, by the soldiers, but James Atkinson (father of Captain Atkin- 
son, of the Alexandria Light Infantry, during the Spanish-American war), 
who was then president of the conipany, went to the Secretary of War and 
stated that WASHINGTON'S ENGINE had been stolen, and by his order 
it was restored. 

This engine also had the honor of assisting in putting out the fire at the 
Capitol building, in 1S53; Alexandria being notified that the Capitol build- 
ing was on fire and its Fire Department was asked to aid, which call was at 
once responded to, and the Friendship sent to the rescue. When it got on 
the ground it was carried into the rotunda, and 
the water was forced into her by one of the 
Washington engines and the Friendship forced 
tlie water into the fire, which I believe was in 
llie library; so says Captain Webster, ex-Captain 
of Police, who has been a member of the Friend- 
ship ever since 1844, or for sixty-three years. 

Ex- Mayor E. E. Downham is President and 



G. WM. RAMSAY, King and St. Asaph streets. 
Grandson of Col. Ramsay, of Washington's staff, 
Leading Family Grocer. 



JOHN D. NORMOYLE, Real Estate. Insur 
ance and Loans. Alexandria National Bank Build- 
ing, King and Royal streets. Deals extensively in 
city and country property. Active and wide awake. 




BRILL'S OPERA HOUSE RESTAURANT 
King and Pitt streets. Louis Brill, Proprietor. 



Mayor Fred PafF is Vice-President, and Julian V. Williams is Recording Sec- 
retary, and W. T. Emmcrson. Financial Secretary-Treasurer. Captain Web- 
ster is Chairman of the Committee on Property. There arc many interest- 
ing relics in the Engine House on North Alfred street. 

Orders for this book, wholesale or retail, can be sent direct to the pub- 
lisher and author, Alex. J. Wedderburn, Alexandria Sunday Times, No. 119 
North Fairfax street, Braddock House Building, Alexandria, Va. Price, 25 

cents each by mail; or $15.00 per n-o. 25 or more, 20 cents each. 




THE-AMCR,CAN LoJ^o 







AMERICAN LOK i i Lt. ». i^' — rrc -; um ::rr\ 1 if . ,:t 1. 1 . wwcn 

Owen ; Vice-President, John H. Nolcn ; Second Vice-President, Geo. B. 
Wagner; Secretary, Henry F. New; Gen'l Manager, B. F. Brooke-Scwcll. 
Manufacturers of enamelled faced steel tiles for bath rooms, hospitals, 
elevator shafts, subways, steamships, and railroad cars. These tiles in- 
terlock and cannot loosen, and are only manufactured in Alexandria. 
This Company will shortly triple its capacity, being unable to fill its 
orders. For full particulars, address American Loktile Company, Alex- 
andria, Va. 



ERRATA. 



The word Carlyle is misspelt, having a surplus s. 
Page 17. F. U. Harper should be F. S. 
Page ig. I'nder 1900, petrified should be vitrified. 
Page 36, Mr. Strauss' name is spelt with one instead of two s. 
Page 37. Mrs. Veatman's residence is put at corner of Prince and Queen. 
It should be Washington and Oucen. 

Page 40. Judge L. C. Barley is misspelt Basley. 
On same page LieuL Pettis should be Bettis. 



Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac R. R. 
Wasliinyton Souliiern Railway 




\V- I'. Ta>Ii)r. TratTic Mannk'tr 
TlIK VOiliI.E-TRArh' LISK COSSErTISd THE 



.Atlantic Coast Line Railroad 

Baltimore it Ohio Railroad 

Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 



Pennsylvania Railroad 

Seaboard Air Line Railway 
Soulhern Railway 



Between .\1I Points via RichraDnd. Virginia, and Washington. D. C. 
Xlie Gate'v\-ay Between the North and the Houth 

Fast Mail, Passenger, Kxprcss. and Frcijjbt Ki>ute 



Fairfax County,— Established 1742, 



Alexandria and Fairfax 
Bricks. 

THE BRICK INDUSTRY 
of Alexandria Co. is one of 
the most important. Eighty 
millions of bricks are sent 
to Washington each year 
from the Brick Companies 
of Alexandria. Between 500 
and 600 wagons cross the 
Highway bridge, carrying 
the solidified and concen- 
trated sacred soil of Virgin- 
ia into the Nation's Capital. 




Eromilaw 
Brick Co., 
Park Agnew, 
President. 
Output, 
1,000,000 
bricks annually 



This county has clustering around it the niost 
liallowed memories of any in the Old Dominion. 
Connected with it are the names of Washington, 
Mason, Fairfax. Fitzhugh, Hooe, Alexander, 
Triplet te, Payne, EHzey, Carlyle, Chichester. 
Lee, Thomas, and many others whom to name 
would fill a volume. All men whom any com- 
munity could glory in. Within its borders are 
many sidendid old homes, around which clin^ 
the memories of those olden days when to be a 
Virginian was greater than to be a king. 

Mount Vernon, Gunston, Wellington, Wood- 
lawn (illustrated; Solona, which gave refuge to 
DoUie Madison when the British captured and 
sacked Washington City; Plollin's Hall, home 
of Gen. R. G. Smith; Malvern, the handsome 
home of Mr. Ed. L. Daingerfield, (illustrated), 
formerly the home of Bishop Johns; Raven- 
worth, the broad estate and grand home of Mrs. 
Wm. H. F. Lee, near Burkes; and many others 
that space forbids to name; to say nothing of 
the hundreds of fine homes in the various 
towns and townships of the county of more 
modern* date. 

The climate and water cannot be excelled ; 
the soil is such as to readily jespond to the 
tickle of the hoe, when jiroperly applied, and 
the nearby markets of Washington and Alexan- 
dria afford the husbandman a satisfactory re- 
turn for his toil. 

There are six incorporated towns in the 
county: Falls Church, Fairfax, the county seat, 
where the Court House was located when Alexandria was 
turned over to the Federal Government , as a part of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia, in 1800. at which time the old Court House 
was built. Herndon, \ienna, Clifton, and Wheile, all of 
these towns, except Fairfax and Clifiou, are located on the 
Bluemont Branch of the Southern Railroad. Fairfax is situ- 
ated on the Washington, Arlington and Falls Church Railroad, 
and Clifton on the main line of the Southern. 

There are a large number of unmeorporated towns among 



LewensviUe, Forest ville, Drams- 
Pan) ; Chantili, Centreville. Ac- 
Burkes, Fairfax Station, Bailey's 
Robey and Wedderburn. All of 
population and land values are 



them: Annandale, Langley, 

ville. Florist (Old Frying 

cotinck, Oakton, West F.nd, 

Cross Roads, Dunn-Loring, 

ilK-se villages are increasing 

-irndily advancing. 

Churches and schools. 

has better churches than Fairfax, for the size of its population 
(20,000). In all of the towns are churches of several denominations. There are 
two historic churches in the county, Old Falls Church and Pohick, both Colonial. 
and belonged to Troro Parish, and were built about the same time as Christ Church, 



Probably no county 



the State 



Industrial Alexandria— BROMILAW BRICK CO.. FAIRFAX COUNTY, VA. OUTPUT. OVER 1.000,000 A YEAR. 



in Alexandria. Washington was a vestryman of both. Within this county is 
the Theological Seminary, three miles west of Alexandria; it was established 
in 1827. At the same place is The Episcopal High School (see previous note). 

All the towns and townships arc well supplied with schools, of which 
Prof. M. D. Hall is the Superintendent. We regret that the recently pub- 
lished book of the county, which is so complete in other respects, should fail 
10 give the school statistics, from which we had hoped to have extracted them. 

The county is traversed by three lines of steam roads and three of trol- 
ley's, as follows: The main line of the Southern .ind llUu-monl Branch, and tbe 
Washington-Southern Steam and the Washington, Alexandria and Mount 
\'t.rnon, the Washington, Arlington and Falls Church, and the Old Dominion 
Klectric lines. 

Bromilaw, lying between the city of Alexandria and Hunting Creek, is 
(he scene of activity in the brick-making line, as can easily be seen by our 
illustration. 

HOLLIN HALL. NEAR BELLMONT. LOWER FAIRFAX. 

This farm is a part of the 8,000 acres patented before Alexandria was 
laid out, by George Mason of Gunston. the author of the Bill of Rights, and 
one of the framers of the earliest Constitution of Virginia, who transferred 
».ooo acres, adjoining Mount Vernon, to his son Thomas, also a patriot and 




Hollin's Hall Spinning House. Fairfax County. 



distinguished son of his state, who erected a mansion as pretentious as that 
of his fathers, at Gunstan Hall, and called it HoUins Hall, after an old 
country scat of the Masons in England. This historic mansion was destroyed 
by lire about 1824, even at this date its foundations stand an evidence to its 
spaciousness. The surrounding grounds indicate well arranv:ed lawns, ter- 
races and approarhes, in kecjiing with a i)rf tL-ntious manorial dwelling. The 
spinning house (see illustration), is all that remains of the ancient buildings, 
antl it IS kept in repair by its owner, Gen. R. G. Smith, who has recently 
settled in Virginia, coming from New Jersey, as an active poli ician and busi- 
ness man, to end his days in Old Virginia, on a historic Virginia farm. In 
this old house all of the spinning and weaving was done for the many slaves 
upon that great plantation. 



A FEW FAIRFAX TOWNS. 

Falls Church — Is the location of the old historic Falls Church. It has 
numerous schools and churches. Among them an extensive Catholic school. 
There is a large mill, numerous stores, a carriage factory, bank and several 
real estate agencies, and is the home of the Fairfax Telephone Company, 
with M. E. (Thurch as head. 

Hcrndon. Va. — Has one newspaper, "The Observer," fifty-one places of 
business, a fine back country and at this time is erecting eighteen new houses. 
Its canning and milling industries arc extensive and prosperous. 

Vienna — Is nineteen miles from Washington, on steam and electric roads. 
Fine schools, churches of several denominations, a number of stores, two 
flour and grist mills, and a prosperous cannery. 

West End — Is the home of the first glass factory to locate in Virginia. 
Fonnets' florist houses and grounds are here; the old historic Catt's tavern 
was located on the old coach line "pike," over which all the mails went 
south. 

>^heile — Is the center of the lumber trade of the county. Extensive mills 
for getting out all kinds of lumber — sash, doors, blinds, etc.. are located here 
together with brick and tile works and a fine summer hotel. 

HEALTH — I have repeatedly referred to the health, climate and water 
of our City and section in these pages. Just as the last form is going to 
press I learn that INSURANCE STATISTICS PROVE that Loudoun county 
and vicinity is the healthiest spot IN THE WORLD, except the Black Forest 
of Germany. 

For full information in regard to this locality, address either of the real 
estate firms mentioned here, the Alexandria Chamber of Commerce, or 
Alex. J. Wcdderburn. publisher of Historic Alexandria. Alexandria, Va. 




Resident of Robert Elliott, Braddock Heights, Alexandria County. 
Mr. Elliott is one of the most active Real Estate men In the State. 



The Memorial Bridge. 



The first link in the chain that is to bind the Nation's Capital and Arling- 
ton, its Westminster, and Mt. Vernon, its Mecca, is the proposed Memorial 
Bridge over the Potomac. In speaking of this bridge the Washington Post, 
in its Greater Washington Edition says: 

"Of this bridge the late lamented President William McKinley said that 
it should be built as a 'great memorial to American patriotism.' Not onlv 
should it be built as an ornament to the city of Washington, as recommended 
by the Park Commission, but also as one of the most useful connections with 
the south side of the Potomac River. In this connection it may not be out 
of place to digress and say that although the Pennsylvania Railroad has spent 
$2,000,000 in building a double track across the Potomac and the Federal 
Government has spent $999,000 in building a highway bridge across the sam.c 
river, these to take the place of the old lyong Bridge, the traffic on the high- 
way bridge, although open scarcely a year, is now so immense that it is often 
congested, and it will be absolutely impossible for it to meet the demands upon 
it in a short time. It will therefore be seen that the Memorial Bridge be- 
comes a commercial necessity and both it and Mount Vernon avenue will be 
needed for military purposes. In Col. Hains' report he said that the avenue 
would not be needed for military purposes, but when it is remembered that 

the city of Washington is practic- 
ally protected in a military way 
only by the marines at the Arsenal 
and the soldiers stationed at Forts 
Myer, Hunt, and Washington, it 
can be readily understood that the 
boulevard will be of considerable 
military importance. In case of any 
disturbance, incident upon riot, re- 
bellion, earthquake, or fire, in which 
it would be necessary to bring the 
troops to the immediate assistance 
of the police, to preserve order and 
to protect the people and the Gov- 
ernment, the troops at these forts 
would be depended and called upon. 
It would take them about one- 
third less time to reach the city 
over the proposed avenue than by 
water or the present Aqueduct 
Bridge. 

Col. Haines, in his report says: 
"In order to determine the kind of 
roadway that is called for in the 
act, the question occurs, What is 
its object? It does not partake of 
the nature of an ordinary work of 
internal improvement. It is trne 
it would be of great value to the 
section of country through which 
it would pass, but to the nation it 
practically has no pecuniary value 
(at the time of this report it had 
not been proposed to have each 
Bell Telephone Exchange, Wythe State make a permanent exhibit, 
White, Manager. nor had Fort Hunt been built.) 




the man 
ry con- 



What, then, is the object? It is to commemorate the virtues of the grandest 
character in American history. It is to satisfy the cravings of a patriotic 
sentiment that fills the hearts of the American people to honor the name of 
Washington. 

"Whatever tends to keep alive the memory of his character and virtues 
tends to make us all better citizens of the republic. A road, therefore, built 
from the Capitol of the Nation to the tomb of its founder would not be such 
as is built for ordinary traffic. It should have the character of a monu- 
mental structure, such as would comport with the dignity of this great na- 
tion in such an undertaking, and the grandeur of the character of the 
to whom it is dedicated. The question of cost would be a secondary 
sideration." 

The dead who sleep at Arlington are connected with the living who sur- 
vive them only by the bridges 
that span the Potomac. The 
highway bridge, which we have 
shown is being congested by 
business traffic, and the Aque- 
duct Bridge, a round-about "ex- 
pedient" at Georgetown, alone 
give access to this beautiful 
"bivouac of the dead." The 
Memorial Bridge in its every 
stone and plank will be a me- 
morial showing the gratitude of 
a great nation to the men who 
defended it and who fell in de- 
fence of what they believed to 
be the defense of their nation. 
To repeat the words of Mr. 
McKinley, it will be a "me- 
morial to American patriotism." 

This bridge will give an op- 
portunity for the widow and 
orphan of the soldier to visit 
the last resting place of their 
dead. It will afford a means 
by which easy access can be 
had to the national burying 
ground. It will enable friends 
and loved ones of those who 
have a right to be buried in 
this historic place to reach it 
easily, not only to pay the tri- 
bute of a tear, but to lay upon 
these graves their tokens of re- 
spect and love. 

The Grand Army of the Re- 
public has more than once 
spoken plainly and clearly up- 
on this subject, and has urged 
Congress to make the necessary 
appropriation. These men who 
defended the Federal govern- 
ment in the days of '61-65 are 




Importers and Dealers in China. 
Crockery, Etc.. the Miller Co. Oscar F. 
Carter, President; R. E. Miller, Secre- 
tary. This firm is old and reliable, hav- 
ing been established in 1822. Another 
Alexandria institution. Mr. Carter is a 
man raised to his business and has traded 
all over Virginia and the South, as well 
as in Washington. 



rapidly crossing ihc dark river and addiiiR to the number of the 

'iTieir voices should be weighty ones to those who follow them. 



"bivouac of 
the dead." _ _ _ _ „ , 

Their earnest request in their national council was that this great work 
should be undertaken and comitleted by the Federal GovernnuMii, and de- 
serves consideration from Congress, for the men who have fearlessly placed 
their breasts in the front ranks in defense of *'Old Glory" are the ones to 
be considered in seeking advice. 



In a recent interview with Mr. W. C. Brenner, he told several interesting 
things, among them, that the first railroad engine brought to Alexandria came 
on a schooner; was unloaded at I'lshtown and hauled by horses through the 
city to the Orange railroad. The engine wat named the Clark ; this was 
between i8i^4-55. He also slated that in 1852 he helped to dig out the cellar 
under the Mansion House (Braddock), corner Cameron and Fairfax streets, 
where the Old Continental Bank had stood; James Evans was contractor; that 
they used the old-fashioned wedges to cut away the clay and that "Old 
Charley Horse" drew it away in a cart. Thos. Hun ton was the contractor 
who built the house for James Green. In 1854 Xelson Steel, in building the 
jail, on St. Asaph street, and Tobias Huntington, general contractor, graded 
St. Asaph street, and in adding to the Braddock House (in front of Carlyle) 
used the first scoops ever brought into the town. 




kcsKlcncc 01 MK. M. H. HAKl-UW. AiJrc.i .iml C.iim-ion 
streets. Mr. Harlow is the Secretary of the Washington Monu- 
ment Association, and is also President of M. B. Harlot & Co.. 
Inc. 



Nothing New Under the Sun — Tax Dodging in the Old Days. 

In these days of tax dodging, and when we all look back to those good old 
times when men and mice were honest, it will read strange to the Hero Wor- 
shiper to be told that way back yonder, in the days of Washington, and those 
doughty old heroes and honored patriots, that there was, even in Old Virginia, 
tax do<lgers and worse still, that among them were numbered the Father of 
his Country. Now, this is true ; and all that one has to do is to read the 
Court Records to find the INDICT.MENTS AGAINST GEORGE WASIi- 
IXGTOX, Gentleman, for failing to properly list his carriages and other prop- 
erty. But that officials in those days were not influenced by greatness is 
proven by the fact that the authorities went from Alexandria (then the county 
srat of Fairfax) over the rough roads to Mt. Vernon, and not only assessed 
the property, that the said George Washington had overlooked in his returns, 
but presented the said George to the Grand Jury, who proceeded without de- 
lay "to find a true bill" against him, and on trial he was found guilty and 
made to pay the tax. So much for our ancestors. But George was not the 
only Fairfax gentleman who shared the same fate, or was less forgetful. 




v^Wp 







Alexandria Light Infantry and Armory, Company G. 70th Virginia Regiment. 



lUN 28 190^ 



WASHINGTON. ALEXANDRIA AND MT. VERNON RAILROAD. 



C. P. King. 

President. 

H. H. Pearson, 

Vice-President. 

J. W. Pitlock. 

Sec'y and Treas. 

Jos. Colvin, 

Supt. 

Transported 
during igo6. i.- 
743.734 passen- 
gers between 
Washington and 
Alexandria. 

Runs 92 trains 
daily, both ways, 
between the two 
cities. 




Alexandria County Power House, Four-Mile Run. and C^r Y.iid. 
Extra power house at New Alexandria, Fairfax County. 



Only Electric Road to Mt. Vernon and Alexandria from Washington 



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Alexandria sent Troops to aid in suppressing the "Whiskey Rebellion," 
under command of Governor Henry Lee. The commander of the Alexandria 
company was Dr. Elisha Cullen Dick, and among the troops were ex-Mayor 
Wm. Veitch and Ivcwis Piles. 

oOo 

I extract the following remarkable statement from Brockett & Rock's 
History of Alexandria : 

"It is a remarkable coinci- 
dence that the first blood shed 
in the war of the Revolution 
was shed on the 19th of April. 
1774, that the first blood shed 
in the Mexican war was on the 
19th of April, 1846, and the 








first blood shed during the Civil War was on the 19th of April, 1861. 

oOo 

There are HOMES on the farms and in the cities, and work in the 
factories of Old Virginia for thousands of people who are industrious and 
wish to locate where they can find the best place to cast their lot. Full 
information furnished by our real estate agents and Chamber of Commerce, 
of Historic Alexandria. 

oOo 

In the old days when we dwelt under the King, 20 pounds of tobacco 
was the fee allowed the Sheriff for ducking a scolding woman. It would 
take a brave sheriff to try to duck one now. 

oOo 

In the Seventeenth Century a ship master, who brought a Quaker to 
the Colony, was subjected to a fine of 5,000 pounds of tobacco. After- 
wards, however. Quakers became very prominent and useful citizens of 
Alexandria, and to one of them, Benj. Hallowell, is due the Alexandria 
water works. 



V/HOLESALE AND RETAIL BOOTS 
AND SHOES— John A. Marshall & Broth- 
er, 422 King street. Have an extensive 
trade in all the back counties. The junior 
member, Mr. C. B. Marshall, is a member 
of the City Council and the senior member 
one of Alexandria's largest capitalists. 

<7i^ 




F. AUGUST CALMES RES- 
TAURANT, 110 North Royal 
street, was established in 1854, and 
is one of the best in th? State. 



Columbia Reel, No. 4, ready for parade. 




HKOPOSED MEMORIAL BRIDGE ACROSS THE POT^^^^^^^ ^^ 



As designed by Board of Engineers 



and Architects and Approved by Secretary 



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